Cellulase from Trichoderma harzianum interacts with roots and triggers induced systemic resistance to foliar disease in maize.
Cellulase from Trichoderma harzianum interacts with roots and triggers induced systemic resistance to foliar disease in maize.
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DOI：
10.1038/srep35543
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发表时间：
2016-11-10
影响因子：
4.6
通讯作者：
Chen J
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Saravanakumar K;Fan L;Fu K;Yu C;Wang M;Xia H;Sun J;Li Y;Chen J
众所周知，哈兹木霉对曲霉叶斑病具有诱导系统抗性（ISR）。我们之前报道了C6锌指蛋白（Thc6）对叶片病害的ISR起主要作用，但木霉中Thc6介导的效应物类型和信号尚不清楚。在这项工作中，我们证明了两种水解酶Thph1和Thph2是由Thc6调控的。此外，电泳迁移迁移试验（EMSA）研究表明，Thc6通过分别结合Thph1和Thph2基因启动子中的GGCTAA和GGCTAAA来调节mRNA的表达。此外，Thph1和Thph2蛋白触发了活性氧（ROS）的瞬时产生，提高了玉米叶片中游离胞质钙的水平。此外，茉莉酸/乙烯信号通路相关基因在野生型玉米中表达上调。然而，ΔThph1-或ΔThph2-deletion突变体不能激活玉米的免疫防御相关基因来保护叶片免受病害。因此，我们认为，激活玉米ISR可能需要哈氏梭菌中Thph1和Thph2的功能。
Trichoderma harzianum is well known to exhibit induced systemic resistance (ISR) to Curvularia leaf spot. We previously reported that a C6 zinc finger protein (Thc6) is responsible for a major contribution to the ISR to the leaf disease, but the types of effectors and the signals mediated by Thc6 from Trichoderma are unclear. In this work, we demonstrated that two hydrolases, Thph1 and Thph2, from T. harzianum were regulated by Thc6. Furthermore, an electrophoretic mobility shift assay (EMSA) study revealed that Thc6 regulated mRNA expression by binding to GGCTAA and GGCTAAA in the promoters of the Thph1 and Thph2 genes, respectively. Moreover, the Thph1 and Thph2 proteins triggered the transient production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and elevated the free cytosolic calcium levels in maize leaf. Furthermore, the genes related to the jasmonate/ethylene signaling pathway were up-regulated in the wild-type maize strain. However, the ΔThph1- or ΔThph2-deletion mutants could not activate the immune defense-related genes in maize to protect against leaf disease. Therefore, we conclude that functional Thph1 and Thph2 may be required in T. harzianum to activate ISR in maize.
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