The moderating role of executive functioning in older adults' responses to a reminder of mortality.
The moderating role of executive functioning in older adults' responses to a reminder of mortality.
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DOI：
10.1037/a0023902
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发表时间：
2012-03
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Davis HP
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Maxfield M;Pyszczynski T;Greenberg J;Pepin R;Davis HP
在之前的研究中，老年人对死亡率显着性（MS）的反应增加了容忍度，而年轻人则增加了惩罚性。对此的一种可能的解释是，许多老年人通过变得更加灵活来适应晚年生活的挑战，例如死亡的前景。最近的研究表明，对于执行功能水平较高的老年人来说，积极适应的可能性更大。因此，我们假设老年人的执行功能越好，多发性硬化症就越有可能导致耐受性增加。老年人和年轻人被随机分配到多发性硬化症或对照条件组，然后评估道德违规者。与之前的研究一样，年轻人在听到死亡提醒后会表现出更强的惩罚性。执行功能并不影响他们的反应。在老年人中，功能高的人对多发性硬化症的反应是耐受性增强，而不是不耐受，而功能低下的人则变得更具惩罚性。
In previous research, older adults responded to mortality salience (MS) with increased tolerance, whereas younger persons responded with increased punitiveness. One possible explanation for this is that many older adults adapt to challenges of later life, such as the prospect of mortality, by becoming more flexible. Recent studies suggest that positively-oriented adaptation is more likely for older adults with high levels of executive functioning. We thus hypothesized that the better an older adult's executive functioning, the more likely MS would result in increased tolerance. Older and younger adults were randomly assigned to MS or control conditions, and then evaluated moral transgressors. As in previous research, younger adults were more punitive following reminders of mortality; executive functioning did not affect their responses. Among older adults, high functioning individuals responded to MS with increased tolerance rather than intolerance, whereas those low in functioning became more punitive.
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