The relationship between working memory capacity and executive functioning: evidence for a common executive attention construct.
The relationship between working memory capacity and executive functioning: evidence for a common executive attention construct.
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DOI：
10.1037/a0017619
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发表时间：
2010-03
期刊：
影响因子：
2.4
通讯作者：
Hambrick, David Z.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
McCabe, David P.;Roediger, Henry L., III;McDaniel, Mark A.;Balota, David A.;Hambrick, David Z.
注意控制被神经心理学家概念化为执行功能，被实验心理学家定义为工作记忆能力。我们在一个成人寿命样本中使用因子分析方法检验了这些结构之间的关系。对200多名年龄在18-90岁之间的受试者进行了几项工作记忆容量和执行功能的测试，同时还进行了处理速度和情景记忆的测试。工作记忆容量和执行功能结构之间的相关性非常强(r=0.97)，但这些结构和处理速度之间的相关性要弱得多(r‘s≈.79)。控制工作记忆容量或执行功能消除了年龄对情景记忆的影响，工作记忆容量或执行功能可以解释情景记忆的差异，而不是加工速度所能解释的差异。我们的结论是，对工作记忆容量和执行功能的测试共享一个共同的潜在执行注意成分，这对更高水平的认知具有很强的预测性。
Attentional control has been conceptualized as executive functioning by neuropsychologists and as working memory capacity by experimental psychologists. We examined the relationship between these constructs using a factor analytic approach in an adult lifespan sample. Several tests of working memory capacity and executive function were administered to over 200 subjects between the ages of 18-90 years old, along with tests of processing speed and episodic memory. The correlation between working memory capacity and executive functioning constructs was very strong (r = .97), but correlations between these constructs and processing speed were considerably weaker (r's ≈ .79). Controlling for working memory capacity or executive function eliminated age effects on episodic memory, and working memory capacity or executive function accounted for variance in episodic memory beyond that accounted for by processing speed. We conclude that tests of working memory capacity and executive function share a common underlying executive attention component that is strongly predictive of higher-level cognition.
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