Radical C(sp3)-H functionalization and cross-coupling reactions.
Radical C(sp3)-H functionalization and cross-coupling reactions.
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DOI:
10.1038/s41570-022-00388-4
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发表时间:
2022-06
影响因子:
36.3
通讯作者:
Stahl, Shannon S.
中科院分区:
文献类型:
--
作者:
Golden, Dung L.;Suh, Sung-Eun;Stahl, Shannon S.
C─H functionalization reactions are playing an increasing role in the preparation and modification of complex organic molecules, including pharmaceuticals, agrochemicals, and polymer precursors. Radical C─H functionalization reactions, initiated by hydrogen-atom transfer (HAT) and proceeding via open-shell radical intermediates, have been expanding rapidly in recent years. These methods introduce strategic opportunities to functionalize C(sp3)─H bonds. Examples include synthetically useful advances in radical-chain reactivity and biomimetic radical-rebound reactions. A growing number of reactions, however, proceed via "radical relay" whereby HAT generates a diffusible radical that is functionalized by a separate reagent or catalyst. The latter methods provide the basis for versatile C─H cross-coupling methods with diverse partners. In the present review, highlights of recent radical-chain and radical-rebound methods provide context for a survey of emerging radical-relay methods, which greatly expand the scope and utility of intermolecular C(sp3)─H functionalization and cross coupling. Radical reaction pathways have evolved sufficiently that C(sp3)─H bonds may now be viewed as strategic "reagents" for bond formation in synthetic organic chemistry. This Review highlights the diverse approaches for C(sp3)–H functionalization and cross-coupling reactions, emphasizing radical-relay reactions.
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