Ecology drives the worldwide distribution of human diseases.
Ecology drives the worldwide distribution of human diseases.
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DOI：
10.1371/journal.pbio.0020141
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发表时间：
2004-06
期刊：
影响因子：
9.8
通讯作者：
Guégan JF
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Guernier V;Hochberg ME;Guégan JF
确定纬度多样性梯度起源和维持的根本因素是生态学中的一个中心问题，但对于哪些过程可能产生这种广泛的格局还没有达成共识。有趣的是，绝大多数探索这种梯度的研究都集中在自由生活的生物体上，而忽略了寄生和传染病(PID)物种。在这里，我们讨论了环境因素对人类病原体生物多样性及其全球空间组织的影响。使用广义线性多变量模型和蒙特卡罗模拟，我们进行了一系列比较分析，以检验人类PID与其他分类群体呈现相同的全球分布模式的假设。研究发现，纬度与PID物种丰富度之间存在显著的负相关关系，并且在大的空间尺度上存在嵌套的空间组织，即PID物种随纬度的积累。此外，我们的结果表明，气候因素在解释纬度与人类病原体空间格局之间的联系方面起着首要作用。基于我们的发现，我们提出全球纬度物种多样性梯度可能在很大程度上是由生物相互作用产生的，这为目前对物种多样性的估计被大大低估的观点提供了强有力的支持。如果将寄生虫和病原体包括在内，对总物种多样性的估计可能增加一个数量级以上。比较分析表明，人类病原体向赤道增加，这种关系与气候有关--这对全球生物多样性、公共卫生和环境流行病学具有重要影响。
Identifying the factors underlying the origin and maintenance of the latitudinal diversity gradient is a central problem in ecology, but no consensus has emerged on which processes might generate this broad pattern. Interestingly, the vast majority of studies exploring the gradient have focused on free-living organisms, ignoring parasitic and infectious disease (PID) species. Here, we address the influence of environmental factors on the biological diversity of human pathogens and their global spatial organization. Using generalized linear multivariate models and Monte Carlo simulations, we conducted a series of comparative analyses to test the hypothesis that human PIDs exhibit the same global patterns of distribution as other taxonomic groups. We found a significant negative relationship between latitude and PID species richness, and a nested spatial organization, i.e., the accumulation of PID species with latitude, over large spatial scales. Additionally, our results show that climatic factors are of primary importance in explaining the link between latitude and the spatial pattern of human pathogens. Based on our findings, we propose that the global latitudinal species diversity gradient might be generated in large part by biotic interactions, providing strong support for the idea that current estimates of species diversity are substantially underestimated. When parasites and pathogens are included, estimates of total species diversity may increase by more than an order of magnitude. Comparative analyses reveal that human pathogens increase towards the equator and that the relationship is linked to climate - this has important implications for global biodiversity, public health and environmental epidemiology
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DOI：
10.1098/rspb.1999.0763
发表时间：
1999-06-22
影响因子：
4.7
作者：
Hill, JK;Thomas, CD;Huntley, B
通讯作者：
Huntley, B
影响因子：
8.8
作者：
Hawkins, BA;Porter, EE
通讯作者：
Porter, EE
影响因子：
1.7
作者：
KAUFMAN, DM
通讯作者：
KAUFMAN, DM
影响因子：
2.7
作者：
Cook, RR;Quinn, JF
通讯作者：
Quinn, JF
影响因子：
56.9
作者：
Allen, AP;Brown, JH;Gillooly, JF
通讯作者：
Gillooly, JF