Explaining the Decline in Subjective Well-Being Over Time in Panel Data
Explaining the Decline in Subjective Well-Being Over Time in Panel Data
复制标题
解释面板数据中主观幸福感随时间的下降
DOI：
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发表时间：
2017
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
C. Suter
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
K. Iglesias;Pascale Gazareth;C. Suter
瑞士跻身主观幸福感(SWB)最高的五个国家之列，这与该国的经济繁荣和高生活质量一致。根据横向数据(欧洲社会调查)，通过全球问题衡量的主观幸福感在过去几十年中保持全球恒定。然而，根据纵向数据(瑞士家庭面板，SHP)衡量，SWB在2000至2015年间有所下降。在这种情况下，这项贡献的目的是检验纵向数据中的主观幸福感下降在多大程度上是一个稳健的结果，表明这些数据的实际下降或反映了这些数据的一些特定的方法学伪像。我们更准确地确定了四个可能的方法学问题：非随机损耗(NRA)、面板条件作用(PC)、更新样本和参与者的老龄化。由于其结构，SHP数据特别适合于挑战这些问题，特别关注SWB的几个衡量标准的小组条件(即，全球问题与生活领域的问题)。自1999年以来，每年进行一次小水电管理。1999年随机抽取了第一个样本，2004年随机抽取了第二个样本，2013年随机抽取了第三个样本。首先，我们发现，在SWB的预测因素中，磨耗是有选择性的，而且离开小组的受访者更频繁地出现在与较低SWB相关的预测因素的形式中。第二，面板条件作用被发现在全球问题的前五波中对主观幸福感测量有影响，并且没有发现生活领域问题的具体模式。第三，我们发现新样本的主观幸福感平均得分高于旧样本。第四，我们发现年龄改变了样本的特征--例如，不活跃的人的增加或低教育程度的人的减少影响了主观幸福感的水平。因此，SWB及其决定因素受到NRA、PC、刷新和衰老的影响。此外，必须指出的是，很难或不可能将这些方法问题相互区分--例如，从个人计算机老化或从个人计算机更新--以及向它们提出方法学“补救办法”。最后，我们的研究结果是，一旦这些方法论问题得到解决，瑞士的主观幸福感在过去15年里不再下降。
Switzerland reached the top five countries which have the highest rate of subjective well-being (SWB), which converges with the economic prosperity and high quality of life in this country. Based on transversal data (European Social Survey), SWB measured through a global question remained globally constant over the last decades. However, SWB declined between 2000 and 2015 when measured with longitudinal data (Swiss Household Panel, SHP). In this context, the aim of this contribution is to examine to what extent the decline in SWB in longitudinal data is a robust result showing an actual decrease or reflect some specific methodological artifacts of these data. We identified more precisely four possible methodological issues: non-random attrition (NRA), panel conditioning (PC), refreshment sample, and aging of participants. Because of its structure, SHP data are particularly appropriate to challenge these issues, with a special attention to panel conditioning on several measures of SWB (i.e., global question vs. questions by life domains). SHP has been administered annually since 1999. A first sample was randomly selected in 1999, a second sample in 2004, and a third sample in 2013. First, we found that attrition was selective in the predictors of SWB all along the waves and that the respondents leaving the panel were more frequently represented in modalities of predictors associated with lower SWB. Second, panel conditioning was found to affect SWB measure in the first five waves for the global question and no specific patterns for questions by life domains were found. Third, we found higher SWB mean score in new samples than in old ones. And fourth, we found that aging modified the characteristics of the sample—for example, an increase of inactive persons or a decrease of persons with a low education affected the levels of SWB. Thus, SWB and its determinants were affected by NRA, PC, refreshment, and aging. Moreover, it has to be noted that it was difficult or impossible to distinguish these methodological issues from one another—aging from PC or refreshment from PC for example—as well as to propose methodological “remedies” to them. Finally, it resulted from our research that once these methodological issues have been neutralized, SWB did not decline anymore over the last fifteen years in Switzerland.
影响因子：
7.6
作者：
R. Fazio;D. Sanbonmatsu;M. C. Powell;Frank Kardes
通讯作者：
R. Fazio;D. Sanbonmatsu;M. C. Powell;Frank Kardes
影响因子：
8.4
作者：
Deaton, Angus
通讯作者：
Deaton, Angus