Assessing the roles of population density and predation risk in the evolution of offspring size in populations of a placental fish.
Assessing the roles of population density and predation risk in the evolution of offspring size in populations of a placental fish.
复制标题
评估种群密度和捕食风险在后代大小在胎盘鱼类中的演变中的作用。
DOI：
10.1002/ece3.255
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发表时间：
2012-07
影响因子：
2.6
通讯作者：
Travis, Joseph
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Schrader, Matthew;Travis, Joseph
种群密度是一个生态变量，被假设为是一个主要的代理选择的后代大小。在高密度种群中，高水平的种内竞争预计有利于产生较大的后代。相比之下，低水平的种内竞争和选择大的后代应该是较弱的，更容易被推翻的直接选择，在低密度人口的繁殖力增加。一些研究发现，人口密度和后代大小之间的联系与这一假设一致。然而，它们的解释往往受到一些问题的影响。在这里，我们使用的数据，从10年的研究，9个人口的最小的？我们发现，女性从春天的人口一般产生较大的后代比女性从池塘，但是，这种差异的大小各不相同。在所有种群中，较大的后代与较高的密度和较低的捕食风险有关。有趣的是，两个生态变量（密度和捕食风险）和后代大小之间的关联在很大程度上是相互独立的。我们的研究结果表明，先前描述的后代大小的遗传差异是由于密度依赖的自然选择。
Population density is an ecological variable that is hypothesized to be a major agent of selection on offspring size. In high-density populations, high levels of intraspecific competition are expected to favor the production of larger offspring. In contrast, lower levels of intraspecific competition and selection for large offspring should be weaker and more easily overridden by direct selection for increased fecundity in low-density populations. Some studies have found associations between population density and offspring size consistent with this hypothesis. However, their interpretations are often clouded by a number of issues. Here, we use data from a 10-year study of nine populations of the least killifish, Heterandria formosa, to describe the associations of offspring size with habitat type, population density, and predation risk. We found that females from spring populations generally produced larger offspring than females from ponds; however, the magnitude of this difference varied among years. Across all populations, larger offspring were associated with higher densities and lower risks of predation. Interestingly, the associations between the two ecological variables (density and predation risk) and offspring size were largely independent of one another. Our results suggest that previously described genetic differences in offspring size are due to density-dependent natural selection.
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