Using the class 1 integron-integrase gene as a proxy for anthropogenic pollution.
Using the class 1 integron-integrase gene as a proxy for anthropogenic pollution.
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DOI：
10.1038/ismej.2014.226
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发表时间：
2015-06
期刊：
影响因子：
--
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中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
在所有人类活动的周围，都存在农药、重金属、药品、个人护理产品以及与人类废物流和农业有关的微生物的污染区域。这种污染物的多样性，其浓度在空间和时间上都是不同的，是监测的主要挑战。在此，我们认为临床1类整合子整合酶基因intI1的相对丰度可以很好地代表污染，因为：(1)intI1与对抗生素、消毒剂和重金属具有抗性的基因有关；（二）广泛存在于各种致病菌和非致病菌中的；(3)其丰度变化迅速，因其寄主细胞可快速繁殖，并可通过水平基因转移在细菌间移动；(4)目前在多种异种基因元件上发现了intI1的单一DNA序列变体，这些异种基因元件是通过人类选择固定的复杂镶嵌DNA元件。在此，我们回顾了研究人为影响与intI1丰度之间关系的文献，并概述了intI1可以作为人为污染代理的方法。
Around all human activity, there are zones of pollution with pesticides, heavy metals, pharmaceuticals, personal care products and the microorganisms associated with human waste streams and agriculture. This diversity of pollutants, whose concentration varies spatially and temporally, is a major challenge for monitoring. Here, we suggest that the relative abundance of the clinical class 1 integron-integrase gene, intI1, is a good proxy for pollution because: (1) intI1 is linked to genes conferring resistance to antibiotics, disinfectants and heavy metals; (2) it is found in a wide variety of pathogenic and nonpathogenic bacteria; (3) its abundance can change rapidly because its host cells can have rapid generation times and it can move between bacteria by horizontal gene transfer; and (4) a single DNA sequence variant of intI1 is now found on a wide diversity of xenogenetic elements, these being complex mosaic DNA elements fixed through the agency of human selection. Here we review the literature examining the relationship between anthropogenic impacts and the abundance of intI1, and outline an approach by which intI1 could serve as a proxy for anthropogenic pollution.
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