Fractionating distraction: how past- and future-relevant distractors influence integrated decisions

Fractionating distraction: how past- and future-relevant distractors influence integrated decisions
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分散干扰:过去和未来相关的干扰因素如何影响综合决策

DOI:
10.1101/2022.07.18.500552
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发表时间:
2022
期刊:
--
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Barnes L
Barnes L
中科院分区:
--
文献类型:
--
作者:
Barnes L

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许多日常任务需要我们整合多个步骤的信息来做出决策。关于灵活认知的主流观点认为,我们能够通过依次关注每一步来驾驭如此复杂的任务,但很少有研究衡量我们如何将注意力集中在当前和未来的任务步骤上。在这里,我们使用了两步任务来测试参与者是否对当前不相关但在未来任务步骤中相关的信息敏感。参与者依次观看两个显示器,每个显示器包含两个叠加的不同颜色的移动点云。参与者在每个显示器中关注一个提示目标颜色,并报告两个目标点云的平均方向。在试验的一个子集中,我们提出了一个“诱饵”干扰:第二个目标颜色出现在第一个显示的干扰。我们对点云运动方向的行为反应进行了回归,以跟踪这种与未来相关的“诱饵”干扰物如何影响参与者对平均目标方向的报告。我们比较了诱饵干扰的影响,从来没有相关的,最近相关的,和全球相关的干扰基线。在四个实验中,我们发现反应反映了什么是直接相关的,以及更广泛的历史相关性的干扰。然而,未来的任务步骤的相关性并没有可靠的影响注意力。我们认为,多步骤任务中的注意力是由当前环境中的相关内容以及每个任务步骤的直接需求所塑造的。(PsycInfo数据库记录(c)2023阿帕,保留所有权利)
Many everyday tasks require us to integrate information from multiple steps to make a decision. Dominant accounts of flexible cognition suggest that we are able to navigate such complex tasks by attending to each step in turn, yet few studies measure how we direct our attention to immediate and future task steps. Here, we used a two-step task to test whether participants are sensitive to information that is currently irrelevant but will be relevant in a future task step. Participants viewed two displays in sequence, each containing two superimposed moving dot clouds of different colors. Participants attended to one cued target color in each display and reported the average direction of the two target dot clouds. In a subset of trials, we presented a “decoy” distractor: the second target color appeared as the distractor in the first display. We regressed behavioral responses on the dot clouds’ motion directions to track how this future-relevant “decoy” distractor influenced participants’ reporting of the average target direction. We compared the influence of decoy distractors to never-relevant, recently relevant, and globally relevant distractor baselines. Across four experiments, we found that responses reflected what was immediately relevant, as well as the broader historical relevance of the distractors. However, relevance for a future task step did not reliably influence attention. We propose that attention in multistep tasks is shaped by what has been relevant in the current setting, and by the immediate demands of each task step.(PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2023 APA, all rights reserved)
DOI: 10.1111/ejn.12754
发表时间: 2015-01
期刊: The European journal of neuroscience
影响因子: --
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发表时间: 2005-02-22
影响因子: 11.1
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