The Gut-Liver Axis in Pediatric Liver Health and Disease.

The Gut-Liver Axis in Pediatric Liver Health and Disease.
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小儿肝脏健康和疾病中的肠道轴。

DOI:
10.3390/microorganisms11030597
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发表时间:
2023-02-27
期刊:
影响因子:
4.5
通讯作者:
Zeng MY
Zeng MY
中科院分区:
生物学3区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Rager SL;Zeng MY

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人们对人类肠道内复杂的宿主-微生物相互作用以及这些相互作用在系统健康和疾病中发挥的作用越来越感兴趣。作为重要的代谢器官,肝脏通过门静脉系统与肠道微生物环境密切相关。我们对肠-肝轴的理解几乎完全来自对成年人的研究。儿童的肠-肝轴具有独特的生理机能和不同的肠道微生物群落,但人们对他们的肠-肝轴仍然知之甚少。在这里,我们全面概述了常见的儿科肝胆疾病,以及最近的研究,探讨了肠道微生物群对这些疾病的贡献或这些疾病引起的肠道微生物群的变化。我们检查了有关胆道闭锁、儿童非酒精性脂肪肝、威尔逊病、囊性纤维化、炎症性肠病和病毒性肝炎中发生的微生物改变的最新文献。最后,我们提出了涉及调节肠道微生物群和肠肝轴的潜在治疗方法,以减轻小儿肝脏疾病的进展。
There has been growing interest in the complex host–microbe interactions within the human gut and the role these interactions play in systemic health and disease. As an essential metabolic organ, the liver is intimately coupled to the intestinal microbial environment via the portal venous system. Our understanding of the gut–liver axis comes almost exclusively from studies of adults; the gut–liver axis in children, who have unique physiology and differing gut microbial communities, remains poorly understood. Here, we provide a comprehensive overview of common pediatric hepatobiliary conditions and recent studies exploring the contributions of the gut microbiota to these conditions or changes of the gut microbiota due to these conditions. We examine the current literature regarding the microbial alterations that take place in biliary atresia, pediatric non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, Wilson’s disease, cystic fibrosis, inflammatory bowel disease, and viral hepatitis. Finally, we propose potential therapeutic approaches involving modulation of the gut microbiota and the gut–liver axis to mitigate the progression of pediatric liver disease.
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