Laboratory assessment of choice between exercise or sedentary behaviors.

Laboratory assessment of choice between exercise or sedentary behaviors.
复制标题

实验室评估运动或久坐行为之间的选择。

DOI:
10.1080/02701367.1993.10608822
复制
发表时间:
1993
影响因子:
2.2
通讯作者:
Epstein,LH
Epstein,LH
中科院分区:
医学4区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Vara,LS;Epstein,LH

文献摘要

参考文献

被引文献

相似文献

规律的锻炼习惯取决于多种因素,包括锻炼的强化效果。广泛的行为研究表明,强化结果可靠地影响行为(Catania,1984),Wankel(1985)认为,只有当参与者喜欢运动时,才有可能坚持运动。然而,仅仅关注锻炼的强化功效提供了对影响锻炼的强化因素的不完整分析。锻炼包括在锻炼或非锻炼之间进行选择(Kendzierski和LaMastro,1988),必须考虑锻炼和竞争性非锻炼行为的强化效应。一个常见的与锻炼相抗衡的行为就是看电视。看电视是一种常见的久坐不动的活动,与低健康(Tucker,1986,1990)和肥胖(Gortmaker,Dietz,& Cheung,1990)有关。根据普遍较低的定期锻炼率(Caspersen,Christenson,& Pollard,1986)和较高的看电视率(Dietz & Gortmaker,1985),可以合理地假设,当有选择时,大多数人选择久坐而不是锻炼。对成年人的观察性研究(Brownell,Stunkard,& Albaum,1980)和对儿童的实验室选择研究(Epstein,Smith,Vara,& Rodefer,1991)表明,当两种选择都同样容易获得时,成年人和儿童会选择不活动而不是活动的选择。这种选择可以部分地由竞争性非锻炼行为的相对强的强化值和与锻炼相关的相对弱的强化功效来确定(Epstein等人,1991年)。
Regular exercise habits depend on a variety of factors, including the reinforcing consequences of exercising. Extensive behavioral research suggests that reinforcing consequences reliably influence behavior (Catania, 1984), and Wankel (1985) suggests thatadherence to exercise is likely only if a participant enjoys the exercise. However, focusing only on the reinforcing efficacy of exercise provides an incomplete analysis of reinforcing factors that influence exercise. Exercising involves choosing between exercise or nonexercise alternatives (Kendzierski & LaMastro, 1988), and the reinforcing effects of both exercise and competing nonexercise behaviors must be considered. One common example ofa behavior that can compete with exercising is watching television. Watching television is a popular sedentary activity associated with low fitness (Tucker, 1986, 1990) and obesity (Gortmaker, Dietz, & Cheung, 1990). Based on the generally low rates of regular exercise (Caspersen, Christenson, & Pollard, 1986) and the high rates ofwatching television (Dietz & Gortmaker, 1985), it is reasonable to assume when given a choice, most people choose to be sedentary rather than to exercise. Observational research on adults (Brownell, Stunkard, & Albaum, 1980) and laboratory choice research with children (Epstein, Smith, Vara, & Rodefer, 1991) have shown adults and children choose inactive rather than active alternatives when both options are equallyaccessible. This choice may be determined in part by the relatively strong reinforcement value of competing nonexercise behaviors and the relatively weak reinforcement efficacy associated with exercising (Epstein et al., 1991).
重新考虑态度在运动行为中的作用:决策理论方法1
DOI: 10.1111/j.1559-1816.1988.tb02352.x
发表时间: 1988
影响因子: 2.5
作者:
D. Kendzierski;Valerie LaMastro
通讯作者: Valerie LaMastro
成人的电视观看和身体健康。
DOI: --
发表时间: 1990
影响因子: 2.2
作者:
L. Tucker
通讯作者: L. Tucker
影响运动参与的个人和环境因素:享受的重要性
DOI: --
发表时间: 1985
期刊:
影响因子: --
作者:
L. Wankel
通讯作者: L. Wankel
久坐成年人运动的行为控制:研究 1 至 6。
DOI: --
发表时间: 1984
影响因子: 5.9
作者:
John E. Martin;P. Dubbert;A. D. Katell;J. Thompson;James R. Raczynski;M. Lake;Patrick O. Smith;J. Webster;Thomas L. Sikora;R. E. Cohen
通讯作者: R. E. Cohen
DOI: 10.1037//0021-843x.97.2.181
发表时间: 1988
影响因子: 4.6
作者:
Vuchinich,RE;Tucker,JA
通讯作者: Tucker,JA