D-DOPA Is a Potent, Orally Bioavailable, Allosteric Inhibitor of Glutamate Carboxypeptidase II.
D-DOPA Is a Potent, Orally Bioavailable, Allosteric Inhibitor of Glutamate Carboxypeptidase II.
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DOI:
10.3390/pharmaceutics14102018
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发表时间:
2022-09-23
期刊:
影响因子:
5.4
通讯作者:
Rais R
中科院分区:
文献类型:
--
作者:
Gori SS;Thomas AG;Pal A;Wiseman R;Ferraris DV;Gao RD;Wu Y;Alt J;Tsukamoto T;Slusher BS;Rais R
Glutamate carboxypeptidase-II (GCPII) is a zinc-dependent metalloenzyme implicated in numerous neurological disorders. The pharmacophoric requirements of active-site GCPII inhibitors makes them highly charged, manifesting poor pharmacokinetic (PK) properties. Herein, we describe the discovery and characterization of catechol-based inhibitors including L-DOPA, D-DOPA, and caffeic acid, with sub-micromolar potencies. Of these, D-DOPA emerged as the most promising compound, with good metabolic stability, and excellent PK properties. Orally administered D-DOPA yielded high plasma exposures (AUCplasma = 72.7 nmol·h/mL) and an absolute oral bioavailability of 47.7%. Unfortunately, D-DOPA brain exposures were low with AUCbrain = 2.42 nmol/g and AUCbrain/plasma ratio of 0.03. Given reports of isomeric inversion of D-DOPA to L-DOPA via D-amino acid oxidase (DAAO), we evaluated D-DOPA PK in combination with the DAAO inhibitor sodium benzoate and observed a >200% enhancement in both plasma and brain exposures (AUCplasma = 185 nmol·h/mL; AUCbrain = 5.48 nmol·h/g). Further, we demonstrated GCPII target engagement; orally administered D-DOPA with or without sodium benzoate caused significant inhibition of GCPII activity. Lastly, mode of inhibition studies revealed D-DOPA to be a noncompetitive, allosteric inhibitor of GCPII. To our knowledge, this is the first report of D-DOPA as a distinct scaffold for GCPII inhibition, laying the groundwork for future optimization to obtain clinically viable candidates.
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影响因子:
7.3
作者:
Jackson, PF;Tays, KL;Slusher, BS
通讯作者:
Slusher, BS
DOI:
10.1016/s1570-0232(03)00279-4
发表时间:
2003-07-15
影响因子:
3
作者:
Igarashi, K;Hotta, K;Sakoda, S
通讯作者:
Sakoda, S
影响因子:
7.3
作者:
Ferraris, Dana V.;Majer, Pavel;Tsukamoto, Takashi
通讯作者:
Tsukamoto, Takashi
影响因子:
--
作者:
Hollinger KR;Sharma A;Tallon C;Lovell L;Thomas AG;Zhu X;Wiseman R;Wu Y;Kambhampati SP;Liaw K;Sharma R;Rojas C;Rais R;Kannan S;Kannan RM;Slusher BS
通讯作者:
Slusher BS
影响因子:
3.1
作者:
Diederich, C;Milakofsky, L;Vogel, WH
通讯作者:
Vogel, WH