Genome regulation by long noncoding RNAs.

Genome regulation by long noncoding RNAs.
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DOI:
10.1146/annurev-biochem-051410-092902
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发表时间:
2012
影响因子:
16.6
通讯作者:
Chang HY
Chang HY
中科院分区:
生物学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Rinn JL;Chang HY

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基因表达的中心法则是DNA被转录成信使RNA,而信使RNA又作为蛋白质合成的模板。长链非编码RNA(longnoncodingRNA,lncRNA)是一种不编码蛋白质的大RNA转录物,它的广泛转录为研究RNA在基因调控中的中心作用提供了一个重要的新视角。在这里,我们讨论基因组规模的策略,发现和表征lncRNA。来自多个模型系统的一个新兴主题是lncRNA与许多染色质调节因子形成广泛的核糖核蛋白(RNP)复合物网络,并将这些酶活性靶向基因组中的适当位置。与这一概念相一致,长的非编码RNA可以作为模块化支架来指定RNP复合物和染色质状态中的更高级组织。这些调控模式的重要性被最近认识到的长RNA在所有生命王国中进行适当基因控制的作用所强调。
The central dogma of gene expression is that DNA is transcribed into messenger RNAs, which in turn serves as the template for protein synthesis. The discovery of extensive transcription of large RNA transcripts that do not code for proteins, termed long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) provide an important new perspective on the centrality of RNA in gene regulation. Here we discuss genome-scale strategies to discover and characterize lncRNAs. An emerging theme from multiple model systems is that lncRNAs form extensive networks of ribonucleoprotein (RNP) complexes with numerous chromatin regulators, and target these enzymatic activities to appropriate locations in the genome. Consistent with this notion, long noncoding RNAs can function as modular scaffolds to specify higher order organization in RNP complexes and in chromatin states. The importance of these modes of regulation is underscored by the newly recognized roles of long RNAs for proper gene control across all kingdoms of life.
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