Evolution of eukaryotic centromeres by drive and suppression of selfish genetic elements.

Evolution of eukaryotic centromeres by drive and suppression of selfish genetic elements.
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DOI:
10.1016/j.semcdb.2022.03.026
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发表时间:
2022-08
影响因子:
7.3
通讯作者:
Lampson, Michael A.
Lampson, Michael A.
中科院分区:
生物学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Kumon, Tomohiro;Lampson, Michael A.

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尽管普遍要求忠实的染色体分离,真核着丝粒正在迅速进化。据推测,着丝粒的快速进化代表了自私的遗传元素与抑制适应成本的机制之间的进化军备竞赛,这些遗传元素以牺牲有机体适应性为代价驱动或繁殖。在雌性减数分裂中,自私的着丝粒DNA通过招募更多的效应蛋白来改变纺锤体微管相互作用动力学,从而实现了优先遗传。为了抑制着丝粒之间的功能差异,效应物招募的平行途径被适应性地进化。驾驶的机会并不局限于女性减数分裂,自私的转座子、质粒和B染色体也通过最大限度地遗传而受益。自私遗传元件的快速进化使抑制机制在不同物种中多样化,可能导致杂交不亲和性。
Despite the universal requirement for faithful chromosome segregation, eukaryotic centromeres are rapidly evolving. It is hypothesized that rapid centromere evolution represents an evolutionary arms race between selfish genetic elements that drive, or propagate at the expense of organismal fitness, and mechanisms that suppress fitness costs. Selfish centromere DNA achieves preferential inheritance in female meiosis by recruiting more effector proteins that alter spindle microtubule interaction dynamics. Parallel pathways for effector recruitment are adaptively evolved to suppress functional differences between centromeres. Opportunities to drive are not limited to female meiosis, and selfish transposons, plasmids and B chromosomes also benefit by maximizing their inheritance. Rapid evolution of selfish genetic elements can diversify suppressor mechanisms in different species that may cause hybrid incompatibility.
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