Community-like genome in single cells of the sulfur bacterium Achromatium oxaliferum.

Community-like genome in single cells of the sulfur bacterium Achromatium oxaliferum.
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DOI:
10.1038/s41467-017-00342-9
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发表时间:
2017-09-06
影响因子:
16.6
通讯作者:
Grossart HP
Grossart HP
中科院分区:
综合性期刊1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Ionescu D;Bizic-Ionescu M;De Maio N;Cypionka H;Grossart HP

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多倍体细菌是常见的,但遗传和功能多样性所造成的多倍体是未知的。在这里,我们使用单细胞基因组学,宏基因组学,单细胞扩增子测序,和荧光原位杂交,以显示,Acromiumoxaliferum,世界上最大的已知淡水细菌的单个细胞,海港典型的整个细菌群落的遗传多样性。这些细胞含有数十个转座因子,这可能导致我们在基因序列和共线性中观察到的前所未有的多样性。鉴于通常保守的16 S核糖体RNA基因在细胞内具有高度多样性,我们认为基因转换发生在多个独立的基因组热点中。核糖体RNA在细胞内的分布暗示了基因表达的空间差异。我们还认为,细胞内基因转移可能会导致广泛的基因重组和增加的多样性。无色菌属细菌的细胞非常大,含有多个染色体拷贝。在这里,Ionescu等人表明,单个细胞内的染色体拷贝显示出高度的多样性,类似于细菌群落,并包含数十个转座因子。
Polyploid bacteria are common, but the genetic and functional diversity resulting from polyploidy is unknown. Here we use single-cell genomics, metagenomics, single-cell amplicon sequencing, and fluorescence in situ hybridization, to show that individual cells of Achromatium oxaliferum, the world’s biggest known freshwater bacterium, harbor genetic diversity typical of whole bacterial communities. The cells contain tens of transposable elements, which likely cause the unprecedented diversity that we observe in the sequence and synteny of genes. Given the high within-cell diversity of the usually conserved 16S ribosomal RNA gene, we suggest that gene conversion occurs in multiple, separated genomic hotspots. The ribosomal RNA distribution inside the cells hints to spatially differential gene expression. We also suggest that intracellular gene transfer may lead to extensive gene reshuffling and increased diversity. The cells of Achromatium bacteria are remarkably large and contain multiple chromosome copies. Here, Ionescu et al. show that chromosome copies within individual cells display high diversity, similar to that of bacterial communities, and contain tens of transposable elements.
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