Energy regulatory signals and food reward.

Energy regulatory signals and food reward.
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DOI:
10.1016/j.pbb.2010.03.002
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发表时间:
2010-11
影响因子:
3.6
通讯作者:
Sipols, Alfred J.
Sipols, Alfred J.
中科院分区:
心理学4区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Figlewicz, Dianne P.;Sipols, Alfred J.

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胰岛素、瘦素和Ghrelin激素已被证明在中枢神经系统(CNS)中作为能量平衡的调节器,作用于下丘脑内侧部位。在这里,我们总结研究表明,除了下丘脑的直接稳态作用外,中枢神经系统回路也是这些能量稳态内分泌调节器作用的直接和间接靶点。具体地说,胰岛素和瘦素可以减少食物奖励行为,并调节神经递质系统和神经回路的功能,这些神经回路介导食物奖励、中脑多巴胺(DA)和阿片能通路。Ghrelin可以增加食物奖励行为,并支持中脑DA神经元的功能。我们总结了关于行为、系统和细胞证据的讨论,这些证据支持奖赏回路对中枢神经系统中这些激素的动态平衡作用的贡献。了解神经内分泌对食物奖赏的调节,以及饮食和肥胖对食物奖赏的调节,可能会为过量饮食或饮食失调的治疗方法指明新的方向。
The hormones insulin, leptin, and ghrelin have been demonstrated to act in the central nervous system (CNS) as regulators of energy homeostasis, acting at medial hypothalamic sites. Here, we summarize research demonstrating that, in addition to direct homeostatic actions at the hypothalamus, CNS circuitry that subserves reward and is also a direct and indirect target for the action of these endocrine regulators of energy homeostasis. Specifically, insulin and leptin can decrease food reward behaviors and modulate the function of neurotransmitter systems and neural circuitry that mediate food reward, the midbrain dopamine (DA) and opioidergic pathways. Ghrelin can increase food reward behaviors, and support midbrain DA neuronal function. We summarize discussion of behavioral, systems, and cellular evidence in support of the contributions of reward circuitry to the homeostatic roles of these hormones in the CNS. The understanding of neuroendocrine modulation of food reward, as well as food reward modulation by diet and obesity, may point to new directions for therapeutic approaches to overeating or eating disorders.
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