Novel activity of eukaryotic translocase, eEF2: dissociation of the 80S ribosome into subunits with ATP but not with GTP.

Novel activity of eukaryotic translocase, eEF2: dissociation of the 80S ribosome into subunits with ATP but not with GTP.
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真核转运酶的新活性,EEF2:80S核糖体分解为ATP的亚基,但没有GTP。

DOI:
10.1093/nar/gkm468
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发表时间:
2007
影响因子:
14.9
通讯作者:
Kaji H
Kaji H
中科院分区:
生物学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Demeshkina N;Hirokawa G;Kaji A;Kaji H

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核糖体必须解离成亚基才能开始蛋白质生物合成。在真核生物中催化这一基本过程的酶仍然未知。在这里,我们证明真核转位酶 eEF2 在 GTP 存在下催化肽延伸,在 ATP 但不存在 GTP 或其他核苷三磷酸的情况下将酵母 80S 核糖体解离成亚基。分裂亚基稳定后,通过光散射或超速离心检测解离。 ATP 在 eEF2 依赖性解离过程中被水解,而 ATP 的不可水解类似物在 eEF2 的核糖体分裂中没有活性。 GTP 不仅抑制 ATP 水解,还抑制解离。 Sordarin 是一种真菌 eEF2 抑制剂,可避免分裂但刺激 ATP 水解。另一种延伸抑制剂放线菌酮也能阻止 eEF2/ATP 依赖性分裂,而夫西地酸对分裂的抑制作用微乎其微。 80S 核糖体解离后,在亚基上发现了 eEF2。我们认为,在生理条件转变期间,eEF2/ATP 的解离活性在动员 80S 核糖体进行蛋白质合成方面发挥着作用。
Ribosomes must dissociate into subunits in order to begin protein biosynthesis. The enzymes that catalyze this fundamental process in eukaryotes remained unknown. Here, we demonstrate that eukaryotic translocase, eEF2, which catalyzes peptide elongation in the presence of GTP, dissociates yeast 80S ribosomes into subunits in the presence of ATP but not GTP or other nucleoside triphosphates. Dissociation was detected by light scattering or ultracentrifugation after the split subunits were stabilized. ATP was hydrolyzed during the eEF2-dependent dissociation, while a non-hydrolyzable analog of ATP was inactive in ribosome splitting by eEF2. GTP inhibited not only ATP hydrolysis but also dissociation. Sordarin, a fungal eEF2 inhibitor, averted the splitting but stimulated ATP hydrolysis. Another elongation inhibitor, cycloheximide, also prevented eEF2/ATP-dependent splitting, while the inhibitory effect of fusidic acid on the splitting was nominal. Upon dissociation of the 80S ribosome, eEF2 was found on the subunits. We propose that the dissociation activity of eEF2/ATP plays a role in mobilizing 80S ribosomes for protein synthesis during the shift up of physiological conditions.
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