Characterizing the influence of effective population size on the rate of adaptation: Gillespie's Darwin domain.

Characterizing the influence of effective population size on the rate of adaptation: Gillespie's Darwin domain.
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DOI:
10.1093/gbe/evr063
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发表时间:
2011
影响因子:
3.3
通讯作者:
Bachtrog D
Bachtrog D
中科院分区:
生物学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Jensen JD;Bachtrog D

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表征有效种群规模在决定适应性进化速率中的作用仍然是进化生物学的主要挑战。根据新突变适应度效应的基本分布,不同规模的种群的适应率可能存在巨大差异。在这里,我们收集了两个密切相关的果蝇物种(米兰达果蝇和伪暗果蝇)的 100 多个位点的多态性数据,以评估分子进化中适应性进化与遗传漂变的普遍性,这些果蝇具有不同的当前有效种群规模(Ne)。利用这些大型且一致的采样数据集,我们对这两个物种的人口统计历史进行了大大改进的估计。具体来说,尽管这些物种之间的当前 Ne 有所不同,但它们的祖先大小却非常相似。我们发现捕获最近适应性进化的统计方法(使用多态性模式)在较大的 D.pseudoobscura 种群中检测到更高的适应性进化率。相反,旨在检测较长时间段选择的方法(即依赖分歧数据的方法)估计两个物种之间更相似的适应率。因此,我们的结果表明,有效种群规模在决定适应率方面发挥着重要作用,并强调了复杂的种群历史(大多数物种可能是这种情况)如何影响适应率。此外,我们还展示了检测正选择的不同方法如何揭示有关适应性进化的不同时间尺度的信息。
Characterizing the role of effective population size in dictating the rate of adaptive evolution remains a major challenge in evolutionary biology. Depending on the underlying distribution of fitness effects of new mutations, populations of different sizes may differ vastly in their rate of adaptation. Here, we collect polymorphism data at over 100 loci for two closely related Drosophila species with different current effective population sizes (Ne), Drosophila miranda and D. pseudoobscura, to evaluate the prevalence of adaptive evolution versus genetic drift in molecular evolution. Utilizing these large and consistently sampled data sets, we obtain greatly improved estimates of the demographic histories of both species. Specifically, although current Ne differs between these species, their ancestral sizes were much more similar. We find that statistical approaches capturing recent adaptive evolution (using patterns of polymorphisms) detect higher rates of adaptive evolution in the larger D. pseudoobscura population. In contrast, methods aimed at detecting selection over longer time periods (i.e., those relying on divergence data) estimate more similar rates of adaptation between the two species. Thus, our results suggest an important role of effective population size in dictating rates of adaptation and highlight how complicated population histories—as is probably the case for most species—can effect rates of adaptation. Additionally, we also show how different methodologies to detect positive selection can reveal information about different timescales of adaptive evolution.
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