A study on the use of cyclone shelters in Bangladesh
A study on the use of cyclone shelters in Bangladesh
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孟加拉国旋风避难所使用情况的研究
DOI：
10.1002/2475-8876.12177
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发表时间：
2020
影响因子：
0.9
通讯作者：
Ochiai Chiho
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Miyaji Mari;Okazaki Kenji;Ochiai Chiho
孟加拉国的地理位置使其容易受到飓风的影响。最严重的气旋发生在1970年，造成严重破坏和30多万人死亡。政府主要通过提供气旋避难所来实施气旋减灾。最近，BRAC大学提出了一种新型的飓风避难所，房屋形状的“迷你避难所”。本研究旨在为政府的气旋缓解计划做出贡献，特别是关于适当利用和建造可在气旋易发地区使用的气旋避难所。对两个受气旋影响地区的调查显示，飓风避难所在洪水期间只供几个小时使用，在飓风后重建期间用作临时生活区。此外，大多数气旋避难所是小学，由于管理不善，它们的储藏室和工作人员室可能在气旋期间被锁定，这使得它们作为疏散中心或气旋后临时生活区的使用变得复杂。这些“迷你避难所”在飓风期间既可用作疏散中心，也可用作牲畜储存地。虽然当地人怀疑建筑物的安全性，因为木制的二楼太低，无法抵御风暴潮，但“迷你避难所”在偏远的沿海地区非常有用，因为飓风避难所的空间有限。因此，这些气旋避难所类型的组合提供了一个整体的解决方案，以减轻气旋灾害。
Bangladesh's geography renders it vulnerable to cyclones. The most severe cyclone occurred in 1970, resulting in severe damages and over 300 000 deaths. The government has implemented cyclone disaster mitigation primarily by providing cyclone shelters. Recently, BRAC University proposed a new type of cyclone shelter, the house‐shaped “mini‐shelter.” This study aims to contribute to the government's cyclone mitigation schemes, especially regarding the appropriate utilization and construction of cyclone shelters that can be used throughout cyclone‐prone areas. Investigations in two cyclone‐affected areas reveals that cyclone shelters, which are intended for a few hours of occupation during inundation, function as temporary living quarters during post‐cyclone reconstruction. Moreover, most cyclone shelters are elementary schools, and their storage and staff rooms may be locked during cyclones owing to poor management, which complicates their use as evacuation centers or temporary post‐cyclone living quarters. The “mini‐shelters” can be used as both evacuation centers and livestock storage during cyclones. Although locals doubt the buildings' safety because the wooden second floor is too low for protecting against storm surges, “mini‐shelters” can be useful in remote coastal areas with limited space for cyclone shelters. Hence, a combination of these cyclone shelter types affords a holistic solution to cyclone disaster mitigation.
栖息地和基础设施：本地化的恢复方法
影响因子：
3.5
作者：
F. Mallick
通讯作者：
F. Mallick
影响因子：
3.5
作者：
F. Mallick;A. Islam
通讯作者：
A. Islam