Sunshine versus gold: The effect of population age on genetic structure of an invasive mosquito.
Sunshine versus gold: The effect of population age on genetic structure of an invasive mosquito.
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DOI：
10.1002/ece3.6661
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发表时间：
2020-09
影响因子：
2.6
通讯作者：
Powell JR
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Pless E;Hopperstad KA;Ledesma N;Dixon D;Henke JA;Powell JR
入侵物种的遗传多样性和结构受到入侵时间的影响，但如何影响还不清楚。我们比较可能是最古老的埃及伊蚊种群在北美大陆与一些最新的阐明的遗传多样性和结构的范围内，可以发现这种重要的疾病载体的入侵范围。佛罗里达的埃及伊蚊种群可能自17 - 18世纪以来一直存在，而加州南部的种群则来自过去10年发生的新入侵。为了进行比较，我们对来自28个位点的1,193名个体在12个高度可变的微卫星上进行了基因分型，并对这些个体的一个子集在23,961个单核苷酸多态性（SNP）进行了基因分型。这是对两个地区的遗传结构进行分析的最大样本，它是以前分析的南加州人口数量的两倍。正如预测的那样，较老的人口（佛罗里达）显示最近的创始人效应和瓶颈的指标较少，特别是，这些人口有显着较高的遗传多样性和较低的遗传结构。地理距离和驾驶距离在这两个地区，特别是南加州的遗传距离没有很好的预测。此外，南加州有较高的遗传分化水平比任何一个大规模的记录地区整个世界分布的物种。虽然人口年龄和人口历史可能导致这些差异，但气候和交通习惯的差异也可能发挥作用。入侵物种是对保护、人类健康和经济的威胁。我们提出了一个案例研究表明，即使在一个入侵物种的范围内，其遗传多样性和结构可以根据种群的年龄显着变化。具体来说，我们比较了入侵蚊子埃及伊蚊的“旧”和“新”种群，埃及伊蚊是黄热病、登革热、寨卡病毒和基孔肯雅病毒的主要传播媒介。
The genetic diversity and structure of invasive species are affected by the time since invasion, but it is not well understood how. We compare likely the oldest populations of Aedes aegypti in continental North America with some of the newest to illuminate the range of genetic diversity and structure that can be found within the invasive range of this important disease vector. Aedes aegypti populations in Florida have probably persisted since the 1600‐1700s, while populations in southern California derive from new invasions that occurred in the last 10 years. For this comparison, we genotyped 1,193 individuals from 28 sites at 12 highly variable microsatellites and a subset of these individuals at 23,961 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). This is the largest sample analyzed for genetic structure for either region, and it doubles the number of southern California populations previously analyzed. As predicted, the older populations (Florida) showed fewer indicators of recent founder effect and bottlenecks; in particular, these populations have dramatically higher genetic diversity and lower genetic structure. Geographic distance and driving distance were not good predictors of genetic distance in either region, especially southern California. Additionally, southern California had higher levels of genetic differentiation than any comparably sized documented region throughout the worldwide distribution of the species. Although population age and demographic history are likely driving these differences, differences in climate and transportation practices could also play a role. Invasive species are a threat to conservation, human health, and the economy. We present a case study showing that even within an invasive species' range, its genetic diversity and structure can vary dramatically depending on the age of the populations. Specifically, we compare ‘old’ and ‘new’ populations of the invasive mosquito Aedes aegypti, the primary vector of yellow fever, dengue, Zika, and chikungunya.
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