Evolution of the holozoan ribosome biogenesis regulon.
Evolution of the holozoan ribosome biogenesis regulon.
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DOI：
10.1186/1471-2164-9-442
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发表时间：
2008-09-24
期刊：
影响因子：
4.4
通讯作者：
Erives AJ
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Brown SJ;Cole MD;Erives AJ
核糖体生物发生（ribosome biogenesis，RiBi）基因编码一组高度保守的真核细胞核仁蛋白，其参与rRNA的转录、组装、加工和从细胞核输出。虽然这套基因的调控模式已经在酵母，酿酒酵母中进行了研究，但这个基因集如何在更大更复杂的后生动物基因组中协调调控还不清楚。在这里，我们提出了全基因组的分析表明，一个独特的模式RiBi调节共同进化的E（CG）结合，Myc：最大bHLH异二聚体复杂的干holozoan，后生动物和Choanoflagellata，原生动物组最密切相关的动物的祖先。这些结果表明，这种调控模式，其特征在于一个E（CG）轴承核心启动子，是特定的，几乎所有已知的基因参与这些基因组中的核糖体生物合成。有趣的是，这种全虫RiBi启动子签名在线虫基因组中是不存在的，线虫基因组不仅继发性地失去Myc，而且由通常产生1000个体细胞的小身体计划的不变细胞谱系标记。此外，对10种真菌基因组的详细分析表明，在半子囊菌中没有发现RiBi基因中的这种全虫签名，半子囊菌为RiBi调节子进化出了自己独特的调节签名。这些结果表明，Myc调节子，这是激活的增殖细胞在正常的发展过程中，以及在肿瘤的进展，具有原始的根源在原生动物的祖先动物的诱导生长制度的演变。此外，通过比较不同的bHLH剧目，我们的结论是，由Myc，而不是由其他bHLH基因的调节是负责整个RiBi套基因的E（CG）位点的进化维护。
The ribosome biogenesis (RiBi) genes encode a highly-conserved eukaryotic set of nucleolar proteins involved in rRNA transcription, assembly, processing, and export from the nucleus. While the mode of regulation of this suite of genes has been studied in the yeast, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, how this gene set is coordinately regulated in the larger and more complex metazoan genomes is not understood. Here we present genome-wide analyses indicating that a distinct mode of RiBi regulation co-evolved with the E(CG)-binding, Myc:Max bHLH heterodimer complex in a stem-holozoan, the ancestor of both Metazoa and Choanoflagellata, the protozoan group most closely related to animals. These results show that this mode of regulation, characterized by an E(CG)-bearing core-promoter, is specific to almost all of the known genes involved in ribosome biogenesis in these genomes. Interestingly, this holozoan RiBi promoter signature is absent in nematode genomes, which have not only secondarily lost Myc but are marked by invariant cell lineages typically producing small body plans of 1000 somatic cells. Furthermore, a detailed analysis of 10 fungal genomes shows that this holozoan signature in RiBi genes is not found in hemiascomycete fungi, which evolved their own unique regulatory signature for the RiBi regulon. These results indicate that a Myc regulon, which is activated in proliferating cells during normal development as well as during tumor progression, has primordial roots in the evolution of an inducible growth regime in a protozoan ancestor of animals. Furthermore, by comparing divergent bHLH repertoires, we conclude that regulation by Myc but not by other bHLH genes is responsible for the evolutionary maintenance of E(CG) sites across the RiBi suite of genes.
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