Lung-Centric Inflammation of COVID-19: Potential Modulation by Vitamin D.
Lung-Centric Inflammation of COVID-19: Potential Modulation by Vitamin D.
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DOI：
10.3390/nu13072216
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发表时间：
2021-06-28
期刊：
影响因子：
5.9
通讯作者：
Alkattan K
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Fakhoury HMA;Kvietys PR;Shakir I;Shams H;Grant WB;Alkattan K
SARS-CoV-2感染呼吸道并导致疾病实体COVID-19。因此，肺承受最大的病理负担，死亡的主要原因是呼吸衰竭。然而，远离初始感染部位的器官（例如，肾脏、心脏）也不能幸免，特别是在严重和致命的情况下。新出现的证据表明，过度的炎症反应加上抗病毒防御能力的减弱在COVID-19的启动和发展中至关重要。尸检标本中常见的发现是肺和远端器官中存在血栓，提示免疫血栓形成。在此，SARS-CoV-2在肺部炎症和相关后遗症中的作用进行了审查，重点是免疫血栓形成。尽管维生素D被吹捧为COVID-19常规疗法的补充剂，但这种维生素在COVID-19发病机制的各种结合点上的影响也得到了解决。
SARS-CoV-2 infects the respiratory tract and leads to the disease entity, COVID-19. Accordingly, the lungs bear the greatest pathologic burden with the major cause of death being respiratory failure. However, organs remote from the initial site of infection (e.g., kidney, heart) are not spared, particularly in severe and fatal cases. Emerging evidence indicates that an excessive inflammatory response coupled with a diminished antiviral defense is pivotal in the initiation and development of COVID-19. A common finding in autopsy specimens is the presence of thrombi in the lungs as well as remote organs, indicative of immunothrombosis. Herein, the role of SARS-CoV-2 in lung inflammation and associated sequelae are reviewed with an emphasis on immunothrombosis. In as much as vitamin D is touted as a supplement to conventional therapies of COVID-19, the impact of this vitamin at various junctures of COVID-19 pathogenesis is also addressed.
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