Relationship between BMI and alcohol consumption levels in decision making.
Relationship between BMI and alcohol consumption levels in decision making.
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DOI：
10.1038/s41366-021-00919-x
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发表时间：
2021-11
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Joseph PV
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Agarwal K;Demiral SB;Manza P;Volkow ND;Joseph PV
肥胖和酒精使用障碍（AUD）的决策缺陷可能有助于选择立即奖励，尽管其长期有害后果。人类连接组计划 (HCP) 数据集中的赌博任务功能 MRI 用于研究 418 名肥胖（高 BMI）和非肥胖（瘦 BMI）个体与奖励或惩罚（决策行为的关键组成部分）相关的神经激活差异，以及根据饮酒水平处于高 (HR) 或低 (LR) AUD 风险的个体。在默认模式网络 (DMN) 区域以及与自我相关处理、记忆和显着性归因有关的区域中可以看到 BMI 和饮酒之间的相互作用。相对于肥胖LR，肥胖HR还招募了DMN以及与注意力不集中、消极感知和不确定选择有关的主要运动和区域，这可能促进肥胖HR的冲动选择。此外，与leanHR/leanLR相比，obesityHR还表现出DMN和涉及不确定决策的区域的激活程度更高。这些结果表明，在赌博任务的神经处理中，BMI 是独立于饮酒水平的变量。此外，相对于leanHR，leanLR显示运动区域[中央前回和额上回]的激活增加，表明过量饮酒导致执行功能较差。延迟贴现措施未能区分肥胖和高饮酒水平，就赌博任务结果而言，这表明肥胖和长期饮酒对决策具有独立的负面影响。这些发现强调了肥胖和高风险饮酒与决策行为的两个关键要素之间的明显关联。
Decision-making deficits in obesity and alcohol use disorder (AUD) may contribute to the choice of immediate rewards despite their long-term deleterious consequences. Gambling task functional MRI in Human connectome project (HCP) dataset was used to investigate neural activation differences associated with reward or punishment (a key component of decision-making behavior) in 418 individuals with obesity (high BMI) and without obesity (lean BMI) and either at high (HR) or low (LR) risk of AUD based on their alcohol drinking levels. Interaction between BMI and alcohol drinking was seen in regions of the default mode network (DMN) and those implicated in self-related processing, memory, and salience attribution. ObesityHR relative to obesityLR also recruited DMN along with primary motor and regions implicated in inattention, negative perception, and uncertain choices, which might facilitate impulsive choices in obesityHR. Furthermore, obesityHR compared to leanHR/leanLR also demonstrated heightened activation in DMN and regions implicated in uncertain decisions. These results suggest that BMI is an independent variable from that of alcohol drinking levels in neural processing of gambling tasks. Moreover, leanLR relative to leanHR, showed increased activation in motor regions [precentral and superior frontal gyrus] suggestive of worse executive function from excessive alcohol use. Delayed discounting measures failed to distinguish between obesity and high alcohol drinking levels, which as for gambling task results suggests independent negative effects of obesity and chronic alcohol drinking on decision-making. These findings highlight distinct associations of obesity and high-risk alcohol drinking with two key constituents of decision-making behavior.
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