Visual attention to blu's parody warnings and the FDA's warning on e-cigarette advertisements.
Visual attention to blu's parody warnings and the FDA's warning on e-cigarette advertisements.
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DOI:
10.1016/j.addbeh.2021.107169
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发表时间:
2022-03
影响因子:
4.4
通讯作者:
Ferketich AK
中科院分区:
文献类型:
--
作者:
Keller-Hamilton B;Fioritto M;Klein EG;Brinkman MC;Pennell ML;Nini P;Patterson JG;Ferketich AK
In 2017, the e-cigarette brand, blu, released advertisements featuring large, boxed, positively-framed messages. These messages mimicked the format of FDA-mandated warnings that would appear on e-cigarette advertisements in the United States in 2018. We compared attention to blu’s parody warnings and FDA-mandated warning appearing on blu advertisements. N = 73 young adults who had used tobacco participated in an eye-tracking study. Participants viewed three blu e-cigarette advertisements in random order: one with a parody warning and two with the FDA-mandated warning (one with a model’s face and one without). Areas of interest (AOIs) were the parody or FDA-mandated warning. We compared dwell time on AOIs between the three advertisements. Participants viewed parody warnings longer than each FDA-mandated warning on average (254 and 608 ms longer; p’s < 0.02). Comparing the advertisements with FDA-mandated warnings revealed that participants spent less time looking at the warning in the advertisement with a model’s face (354 fewer milliseconds; p = 0.001). Parody warnings attracted more visual attention than FDA-mandated warnings, and the presence of a face in the advertisement drew attention away from the FDA-mandated warning. Results underscore the need for advertisement regulations that support increased attention to health warnings.
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Moumen M;Brinkman M;Keller-Hamilton B;Teferra AA;Roberts ME;Klein EG;Nini P;Pennell M;Ferketich AK
通讯作者:
Ferketich AK
影响因子:
4.7
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