Genome-wide analysis of the world's sheep breeds reveals high levels of historic mixture and strong recent selection.
Genome-wide analysis of the world's sheep breeds reveals high levels of historic mixture and strong recent selection.
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DOI：
10.1371/journal.pbio.1001258
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发表时间：
2012-02
期刊：
影响因子：
9.8
通讯作者：
International Sheep Genomics Consortium Members
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Kijas JW;Lenstra JA;Hayes B;Boitard S;Porto Neto LR;San Cristobal M;Servin B;McCulloch R;Whan V;Gietzen K;Paiva S;Barendse W;Ciani E;Raadsma H;McEwan J;Dalrymple B;International Sheep Genomics Consortium Members
全球家养绵羊集合的基因组结构揭示了人工选择角丢失的历史以及与色素沉着、繁殖和身体大小有关的特征。通过驯养和随后的选择，绵羊已经适应了在不同的环境中茁壮成长。为了描述驯化和选择的遗传后果，我们从74个绵羊品种的不同集合中对2,819只动物的49,034个SNP进行了基因分型。我们发现，大多数绵羊群体含有高度的SNP多样性，并保持了比大多数牛或狗品种高得多的有效群体规模，这表明驯化是从广泛的遗传基础上进行的。品种间广泛的单倍型共享和较低的分化时间表明，在现代品种的发育过程中，发生了频繁的遗传交流。对基因组的选择信号扫描发现了31个区域，其中包含毛色、骨骼形态、身体大小、生长和繁殖基因。我们证明了最强的选择信号发生在对无角繁殖的反应中。高密度的遗传变异图谱为这一重要牲畜物种的遗传史提供了深入的视角。在驯化过程中，人类将野生动物招募到圈养环境中，改变了它们的形态、行为和遗传。就绵羊而言，经过数千年的驯化和随后的动物饲养员的选择，产生了一系列专门用于生产羊毛、牛奶和肉类的品种。我们试图利用这一群体历史来寻找直接支撑表型变异的基因。我们收集了2819只绵羊的DNA，这些绵羊属于来自世界各地的74个品种，并在基因组的近50,000个位置评估了每种动物的基因。我们的结果表明，与狗等其他家养动物相比，绵羊品种保持了高度的遗传多样性。我们还表明，基因组的特定区域包含了强烈的证据，表明人工选择的反应加速了变化。最突出的例子是对无角繁殖的反应，这是现在许多现代品种普遍存在的特征。此外，我们还证明了在绵羊中选择的其他基因组区域包含控制色素沉着、繁殖和身体大小的基因。
Genomic structure in a global collection of domesticated sheep reveals a history of artificial selection for horn loss and traits relating to pigmentation, reproduction, and body size. Through their domestication and subsequent selection, sheep have been adapted to thrive in a diverse range of environments. To characterise the genetic consequence of both domestication and selection, we genotyped 49,034 SNP in 2,819 animals from a diverse collection of 74 sheep breeds. We find the majority of sheep populations contain high SNP diversity and have retained an effective population size much higher than most cattle or dog breeds, suggesting domestication occurred from a broad genetic base. Extensive haplotype sharing and generally low divergence time between breeds reveal frequent genetic exchange has occurred during the development of modern breeds. A scan of the genome for selection signals revealed 31 regions containing genes for coat pigmentation, skeletal morphology, body size, growth, and reproduction. We demonstrate the strongest selection signal has occurred in response to breeding for the absence of horns. The high density map of genetic variability provides an in-depth view of the genetic history for this important livestock species. During the process of domestication, mankind recruited animals from the wild into a captive environment, changing their morphology, behaviour, and genetics. In the case of sheep, domestication and subsequent selection by their animal handlers over thousands of years has produced a spectrum of breeds specialised for the production of wool, milk, and meat. We sought to use this population history to search for the genes that directly underpin phenotypic variation. We collected DNA from 2,819 sheep, belonging to 74 breeds sampled from around the world, and assessed the genotype of each animal at nearly 50,000 locations across the genome. Our results show that sheep breeds have maintained high levels of genetic diversity, in contrast to other domestic animals such as dogs. We also show that particular regions of the genome contain strong evidence for accelerated change in response to artificial selection. The most prominent example was identified in response to breeding for the absence of horns, a trait now common across many modern breeds. Furthermore, we demonstrate that other genomic regions under selection in sheep contain genes controlling pigmentation, reproduction, and body size.
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影响因子：
3.7
作者：
López Herráez D;Bauchet M;Tang K;Theunert C;Pugach I;Li J;Nandineni MR;Gross A;Scholz M;Stoneking M
通讯作者：
Stoneking M
影响因子：
3.7
作者：
Gautier, Mathieu;Laloe, Denis;Moazami-Goudarzi, Katayoun
通讯作者：
Moazami-Goudarzi, Katayoun
影响因子：
7
作者：
Maddox, JF;Davies, KP;van Hest, B
通讯作者：
van Hest, B
影响因子：
3.7
作者：
Flori L;Fritz S;Jaffrézic F;Boussaha M;Gut I;Heath S;Foulley JL;Gautier M
通讯作者：
Gautier M
影响因子：
4.4
作者：
Gautier M;Flori L;Riebler A;Jaffrézic F;Laloé D;Gut I;Moazami-Goudarzi K;Foulley JL
通讯作者：
Foulley JL