Cancer health disparities in racial/ethnic minorities in the United States.
Cancer health disparities in racial/ethnic minorities in the United States.
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DOI：
10.1038/s41416-020-01038-6
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发表时间：
2021-01
影响因子：
8.8
通讯作者：
Fejerman L
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Zavala VA;Bracci PM;Carethers JM;Carvajal-Carmona L;Coggins NB;Cruz-Correa MR;Davis M;de Smith AJ;Dutil J;Figueiredo JC;Fox R;Graves KD;Gomez SL;Llera A;Neuhausen SL;Newman L;Nguyen T;Palmer JR;Palmer NR;Pérez-Stable EJ;Piawah S;Rodriquez EJ;Sanabria-Salas MC;Schmit SL;Serrano-Gomez SJ;Stern MC;Weitzel J;Yang JJ;Zabaleta J;Ziv E;Fejerman L
由于结构、社会经济、社会环境、行为和生物因素之间的相互作用，按种族/族裔划分的癌症发病率和结果之间存在着公认的差异。然而，旨在调查癌症病因和进展的因素的大型研究研究主要集中在欧洲血统的人群。临床病理和遗传数据的局限性，以及来自不同人群的生物标本的可获得性减少，导致了知识差距，并有可能扩大癌症健康差距。在这篇综述中，我们总结了美国最常见的癌症(乳腺癌、前列腺癌、肺癌和结肠癌)以及突出差异复杂性的其他癌症(胃、肝、胰腺和白血病)的差异和相关因素。我们专注于在美国被普遍识别和称为种族/少数民族的人群--非洲裔美国人/黑人、美国印第安人和阿拉斯加原住民、亚洲人、夏威夷原住民/其他太平洋岛民和西班牙裔/拉美裔人。我们的结论是，尽管在理解癌症健康差异背后的因素方面取得了实质性进展，但明显的不平等现象依然存在。需要做出更多努力，让来自不同人群的参与者参与癌症病因学、生物学和治疗的研究。此外，为了消除癌症健康差距，有必要促进所有个人获得和利用医疗服务，并解决结构性不平等，包括种族主义，这些不平等不成比例地影响到美国的种族/少数民族。
There are well-established disparities in cancer incidence and outcomes by race/ethnicity that result from the interplay between structural, socioeconomic, socio-environmental, behavioural and biological factors. However, large research studies designed to investigate factors contributing to cancer aetiology and progression have mainly focused on populations of European origin. The limitations in clinicopathological and genetic data, as well as the reduced availability of biospecimens from diverse populations, contribute to the knowledge gap and have the potential to widen cancer health disparities. In this review, we summarise reported disparities and associated factors in the United States of America (USA) for the most common cancers (breast, prostate, lung and colon), and for a subset of other cancers that highlight the complexity of disparities (gastric, liver, pancreas and leukaemia). We focus on populations commonly identified and referred to as racial/ethnic minorities in the USA—African Americans/Blacks, American Indians and Alaska Natives, Asians, Native Hawaiians/other Pacific Islanders and Hispanics/Latinos. We conclude that even though substantial progress has been made in understanding the factors underlying cancer health disparities, marked inequities persist. Additional efforts are needed to include participants from diverse populations in the research of cancer aetiology, biology and treatment. Furthermore, to eliminate cancer health disparities, it will be necessary to facilitate access to, and utilisation of, health services to all individuals, and to address structural inequities, including racism, that disproportionally affect racial/ethnic minorities in the USA.
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DOI：
10.1056/nejmsr1809937
发表时间：
2019-08-15
期刊：
The New England journal of medicine
影响因子：
--
作者：
All of Us Research Program Investigators;Denny JC;Rutter JL;Goldstein DB;Philippakis A;Smoller JW;Jenkins G;Dishman E
通讯作者：
Dishman E
影响因子：
6.4
作者：
Barrington-Trimis JL;Cockburn M;Metayer C;Gauderman WJ;Wiemels J;McKean-Cowdin R
通讯作者：
McKean-Cowdin R
影响因子：
--
作者：
Barzi A;Yang D;Mostofizadeh S;Lenz HJ
通讯作者：
Lenz HJ
影响因子：
6.4
作者：
Bailey, Helen D.;Infante-Rivard, Claire;Schuez, Joachim
通讯作者：
Schuez, Joachim
影响因子：
158.5
作者：
Bach, PB;Cramer, LD;Begg, CB
通讯作者：
Begg, CB