Free choice tasks as random generation tasks: an investigation through working memory manipulations

Free choice tasks as random generation tasks: an investigation through working memory manipulations
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作为随机生成任务的自由选择任务:通过工作记忆操作进行的调查

DOI:
10.1007/s00221-018-5295-2
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发表时间:
2018
影响因子:
2
通讯作者:
Janczyk
Janczyk
中科院分区:
医学4区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Naefgen;Janczyk

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自由选择任务是指每个刺激存在两个或更多个同等有效的反应选项,参与者可以从中选择的任务。在研究自发行为和外部触发行为之间的假定差异时,它们通常与强迫选择任务形成对比,在强迫选择任务中,只有一个反应选项被认为是正确的。通常,与强制选择任务反应相比,自由选择任务中的反应较慢,这可能表明反应选择存在质的差异。然而,也有人认为,自由选择任务实际上是随机生成任务。在这里,我们测试了预测,在这种情况下,自由选择响应的随机性取决于工作记忆(WM)的负载。在实验1中,参与者提供了不同程度的外部WM支持的形式显示以前的选择。实验二采用并行背回任务诱导工作记忆负荷。实验数据基本证实了这一预测:在实验1中,WM支持提高了随机性和反应速度。在实验2中,随机性下降,反应减慢,随着WM负载的增加。这些结果表明,自由选择任务与随机生成任务有许多共同之处。
Free choice tasks are tasks in which two or more equally valid response options per stimulus exist from which participants can choose. In investigations of the putative difference between self-generated and externally triggered actions, they are often contrasted with forced choice tasks, in which only one response option is considered correct. Usually, responses in free choice tasks are slower when compared with forced choice task responses, which may point to a qualitative difference in response selection. It was, however, also suggested that free choice tasks are in fact random generation tasks. Here, we tested the prediction that in this case, randomness of the free choice responses depends on working memory (WM) load. In Experiment 1, participants were provided with varying levels of external WM support in the form of displayed previous choices. In Experiment 2, WM load was induced via a concurrentn-back task. The data generally confirm the prediction: in Experiment 1, WM support improved both randomness and speed of responses. In Experiment 2, randomness decreased and responses slowed down with increasing WM load. These results suggest that free choice tasks have much in common with random generation tasks.
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