A possible role for river restoration enhancing biodiversity through interaction with wildfire
A possible role for river restoration enhancing biodiversity through interaction with wildfire
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河流恢复通过与野火相互作用增强生物多样性的可能作用
DOI：
10.1111/geb.13555
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发表时间：
2022
影响因子：
6.4
通讯作者：
Meyer, Kate
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Pugh, Brittany E.;Colley, Megan;Dugdale, Stephen J.;Edwards, Patrick;Flitcroft, Rebecca;Holz, Andrés;Johnson, Matthew;Mariani, Michela;Means‐Brous, Mickey;Meyer, Kate
从历史上看，野火制度在全球许多地区产生了重要的景观规模的干扰。“火生物多样性产生生物多样性”假说表明，野火产生的野火严重程度和燃烧后恢复的时间和空间异质马赛克增强了景观尺度的生物多样性。然而，河流管理往往导致河道切割，使河流与洪泛区断开，使洪泛区栖息地干燥，并耗尽地下水。随着气候变化，野火的频率、强度和范围预计会增加，这增加了深度、均匀燃烧的可能性，从而减少生物多样性。河流恢复和生物多样性增加的预计协同作用最近重点关注洪泛平原的再湿润和连续洪泛平原栖息地马赛克的恢复，为河流管理和防洪而开发，可以减少恢复的洪泛平原的野火强度，使燃烧不那么均匀，提高气候变化的适应能力;一个重要的协同作用。从理论上讲，这也会增强生物多样性。然而，这一可能性尚待经验检验。我们建议潜在的研究途径。插图和未来的方向我们说明野火和河流恢复之间的相互作用，在俄勒冈州，美国的恢复项目。一个重新连接南福克麦肯齐河及其洪泛区的项目遭受了严重的燃烧（“假日农场”野火，2020年），提供了一个难得的机会来研究这种类型的河流恢复和野火之间的相互作用;特别是，预测增加的火生物多样性和生物多样性。鉴于河流和湿地生态系统对全球生物多样性的重要性，研究的优先事项应该是增加我们对减少洪水、减轻野火和促进生物多样性“三赢”的潜在机制的理解。
BackgroundHistorically, wildfire regimes produced important landscape‐scale disturbances in many regions globally. The “pyrodiversity begets biodiversity” hypothesis suggests that wildfires that generate temporally and spatially heterogeneous mosaics of wildfire severity and post‐burn recovery enhance biodiversity at landscape scales. However, river management has often led to channel incision that disconnects rivers from their floodplains, desiccating floodplain habitats and depleting groundwater. In conjunction with predicted increases in frequency, intensity and extent of wildfires under climate change, this increases the likelihood of deep, uniform burns that reduce biodiversity.Predicted synergy of river restoration and biodiversity increaseRecent focus on floodplain re‐wetting and restoration of successional floodplain habitat mosaics, developed for river management and flood prevention, could reduce wildfire intensity in restored floodplains and make the burns less uniform, increasing climate‐change resilience; an important synergy. According to theory, this would also enhance biodiversity. However, this possibility is yet to be tested empirically. We suggest potential research avenues.Illustration and future directionsWe illustrate the interaction between wildfire and river restoration using a restoration project in Oregon, USA. A project to reconnect the South Fork McKenzie River and its floodplain suffered a major burn (“Holiday Farm” wildfire, 2020), offering a rare opportunity to study the interaction between this type of river restoration and wildfire; specifically, the predicted increases in pyrodiversity and biodiversity. Given the importance of river and wetland ecosystems for biodiversity globally, a research priority should be to increase our understanding of potential mechanisms for a “triple win” of flood reduction, wildfire alleviation and biodiversity promotion.
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DOI：
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发表时间：
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期刊：
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影响因子：
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DOI：
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发表时间：
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