How Human Subsistence Strategy Affected Fruit-Tree Utilization During the Late Neolithic and Bronze Age: Investigations in the Northeastern Tibetan Plateau.
How Human Subsistence Strategy Affected Fruit-Tree Utilization During the Late Neolithic and Bronze Age: Investigations in the Northeastern Tibetan Plateau.
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新石器时代晚期和青铜时代人类生存策略如何影响果树利用：青藏高原东北部的调查
DOI：
10.3389/fpls.2022.941735
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发表时间：
2022
影响因子：
5.6
通讯作者：
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
史前人类对果树的利用历史已成为近年来人们日益关注的一个重要问题。然而，人们如何利用果树的问题还没有得到回答；特别是不同的生存策略对人类利用果树的行为(野生采摘或有意识栽培)的影响尚未被考虑。本文介绍了青藏高原东北部16个考古遗址的果树木炭鉴定结果，时间跨度为5,200-2,600 BP。我们结合已报道的多学科证据来探索果树利用的历史，以及它与新石器时代晚期和青铜时代NETP的生存战略的关系。结果表明，蔷薇科[Prunus L.、Prunus padus L.、Maloideae L.和Malus baccata(L.)Borkh]、胡颓子科(沙棘属和沙枣属)和鼠李科(仅有酸枣属)。在新石器时代晚期和青铜时代，果树的使用量有下降的趋势。这与平行时期中国黄土高原的情况形成了鲜明的对比。青铜时代寒冷干燥的气候似乎是原因之一。NETP中人们使用的果树很可能是从野外采集的，而不是有意识地种植的，农牧业的生存战略可能在这一过程中发挥了重要作用。
The history of fruit-tree utilization by prehistoric people has become an important issue that has attracted increasing attention in recent years. However, the question of how people used fruit trees has not yet been answered; in particular, the impacts of different subsistence strategies on human behavior regarding fruit-tree utilization (wild gathering or conscious cultivation) have not yet been considered. Here, we present the results of charcoal identification of fruit trees from 16 dated archeological sites in the northeastern Tibetan Plateau (NETP) spanning the period c. 5,200–2,600 BP. We combine this with reported multidisciplinary evidence to explore the history of fruit-tree utilization as well as its relation to the subsistence strategy in the NETP during the late Neolithic and Bronze Age. Our results demonstrate that Rosaceae [Prunus L., Prunus Padus L., Maloideae L., and Malus baccata (L.) Borkh], Elaeagnaceae (Hippophae L. and Elaeagnus angustifolia L.), and Rhamnaceae (only Ziziphus Mill.) were used by people in the NETP, and there was a downward trend in the use of fruit trees during the late Neolithic and Bronze Age. This is in notable contrast to the situation in the Chinese Loess Plateau in the parallel period. The cold-dry climate during the Bronze Age seemed to be one of the reasons. The fruit trees used by people in the NETP were likely gathered from the wild rather than consciously cultivated, and the subsistence strategy of agropastoralism may have played a significant role during the processes.
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影响因子：
4.6
作者：
Di Rita F;Fletcher WJ;Aranbarri J;Margaritelli G;Lirer F;Magri D
通讯作者：
Magri D
影响因子：
1.8
作者：
Aurelie, Salavert;Alexa, Dufraisse
通讯作者：
Alexa, Dufraisse
影响因子：
2.2
作者：
Cubas, Miriam;Peyroteo-Stjerna, Rita;Colonese, Andre Carlo
通讯作者：
Colonese, Andre Carlo
影响因子：
2.5
作者：
Fuller, Dorian Q.;Stevens, Chris J.
通讯作者：
Stevens, Chris J.
DOI：
10.1098/rspb.2021.0969
发表时间：
2021-06-09
影响因子：
4.7
作者：
Irish, Joel D.;Usai, Donatella
通讯作者：
Usai, Donatella