Separate and unequal: residential segregation and estimated cancer risks associated with ambient air toxics in U.S. metropolitan areas.
Separate and unequal: residential segregation and estimated cancer risks associated with ambient air toxics in U.S. metropolitan areas.
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DOI：
10.1289/ehp.8500
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发表时间：
2006-03
影响因子：
10.4
通讯作者：
Jesdale BM
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Morello-Frosch R;Jesdale BM
本研究利用美国环境保护署国家空气毒性评估的模型浓度估算，考察了种族居住隔离与估计的环境空气毒性暴露及其相关癌症风险之间的联系。我们将污染物浓度估计与美国309个大都市地区的人口普查区计算癌症风险的潜力结合起来。这一信息与1990年人口普查的社会经济地位（SES）措施相结合。据估计，在高度隔离的大都市地区，与环境空气有毒物质相关的癌症风险最高。在种族隔离更严重的大都市地区，种族/族裔群体之间的差距也更大。多变量模型显示，在控制了通道水平的SES测量后，增加隔离放大了所有种族群体与环境空气毒物相关的癌症风险[高度隔离地区：相对癌症风险(RCR) = 1.04；95%置信区间（CI）， 1.01-107；极端隔离地区：RCR = 1.32；95% ci, 1.28-1.36]。这种隔离效应在西班牙裔（高度隔离地区：RCR = 1.09; 95% CI, 1.01-1.17；极端隔离地区：RCR = 1.74; 95% CI, 1.61-1.88）中最强，在白人（高度隔离地区：RCR = 1.04; 95% CI, 1.01-1.08；极端隔离地区：RCR = 1.28; 95% CI, 1.24-1.33）、非裔美国人（高度隔离地区：RCR = 1.09; 95% CI, 0.98-1.21；极端隔离地区：RCR = 1.38; 95% CI, 1.24-1.53）和亚洲人(高度隔离地区：RCR = 1.10；95% ci, 0.97-1.24；极端隔离地区：RCR = 1.32；95% ci, 1.16-1.51)。结果表明，与环境空气毒物相关的差异受到隔离的影响，这些暴露可能对不同种族的人群具有健康意义。
This study examines links between racial residential segregation and estimated ambient air toxics exposures and their associated cancer risks using modeled concentration estimates from the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency’s National Air Toxics Assessment. We combined pollutant concentration estimates with potencies to calculate cancer risks by census tract for 309 metropolitan areas in the United States. This information was combined with socioeconomic status (SES) measures from the 1990 Census. Estimated cancer risks associated with ambient air toxics were highest in tracts located in metropolitan areas that were highly segregated. Disparities between racial/ethnic groups were also wider in more segregated metropolitan areas. Multivariate modeling showed that, after controlling for tract-level SES measures, increasing segregation amplified the cancer risks associated with ambient air toxics for all racial groups combined [highly segregated areas: relative cancer risk (RCR) = 1.04; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.01–107; extremely segregated areas: RCR = 1.32; 95% CI, 1.28–1.36]. This segregation effect was strongest for Hispanics (highly segregated areas: RCR = 1.09; 95% CI, 1.01–1.17; extremely segregated areas: RCR = 1.74; 95% CI, 1.61–1.88) and weaker among whites (highly segregated areas: RCR = 1.04; 95% CI, 1.01–1.08; extremely segregated areas: RCR = 1.28; 95% CI, 1.24–1.33), African Americans (highly segregated areas: RCR = 1.09; 95% CI, 0.98–1.21; extremely segregated areas: RCR = 1.38; 95% CI, 1.24–1.53), and Asians (highly segregated areas: RCR = 1.10; 95% CI, 0.97–1.24; extremely segregated areas: RCR = 1.32; 95% CI, 1.16–1.51). Results suggest that disparities associated with ambient air toxics are affected by segregation and that these exposures may have health significance for populations across racial lines.
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影响因子：
10.4
作者：
Gee, Gilbert C;Payne-Sturges, Devon C
通讯作者：
Payne-Sturges, Devon C
影响因子：
10.4
作者：
Green RS;Smorodinsky S;Kim JJ;McLaughlin R;Ostro B
通讯作者：
Ostro B
影响因子：
4.4
作者：
LAVEIST, TA
通讯作者：
LAVEIST, TA
影响因子：
3.5
作者：
MASSEY, DS;DENTON, NA
通讯作者：
DENTON, NA
影响因子：
12.7
作者：
Acevedo-Garcia, D
通讯作者：
Acevedo-Garcia, D