Proximity of California public schools to busy roads.
Proximity of California public schools to busy roads.
复制标题
DOI：
10.1289/ehp.6566
复制
发表时间：
2004-01
影响因子：
10.4
通讯作者：
Ostro B
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Green RS;Smorodinsky S;Kim JJ;McLaughlin R;Ostro B
居民区靠近繁忙的道路一直与不利的健康后果有关，学校的位置也可能是儿童接触交通相关污染物的一个重要决定因素。这项研究的目的是调查加州公立学校(K-12年级)(n=7,460)靠近主要道路的特点。我们使用全州公路网和地理信息系统确定了学校150米范围内所有道路的最大日交通量。在全州范围内，173所学校(2.3%)位于高交通道路150米以内(大于或等于50,000辆/天)；536所学校(7.2%)位于中等交通道路150米以内(25,000-49,999辆/天)。交通流量暴露与种族/民族有关。例如，在靠近交通繁忙道路的学校，非白人学生的总体比例为78%，而在曝光率很低的学校(150米内没有街道)，非白人学生的总比例为60%。随着学校交通风险的增加，非西班牙裔黑人和西班牙裔学生在学校就读的比例都大幅增加。交通风险暴露也与基于学校和基于人口普查区域的社会经济指标有关，包括英语学习者。参加免费或降价膳食计划的儿童的中位数百分比从暴露非常低的组的40.7%上升到暴露最高的组的60.5%。总而言之，加州有相当多的孩子在靠近主要道路的学校上学，交通流量非常高，而且这些学生中有不成比例的人是经济上处于不利地位的非白人学生。
Residential proximity to busy roads has been associated with adverse health outcomes, and school location may also be an important determinant of children's exposure to traffic-related pollutants. The goal of this study was to examine the characteristics of public schools (grades K-12) in California (n = 7,460) by proximity to major roads. We determined maximum daily traffic counts for all roads within 150 m of the school using a statewide road network and a geographic information system. Statewide, 173 schools (2.3%) with a total enrollment of 150,323 students were located within 150 m of high-traffic roads (greater than or equal to 50,000 vehicles/day); 536 schools (7.2%) were within 150 m of medium-traffic roads (25,000-49,999 vehicles/day). Traffic exposure was related to race/ethnicity. For example, the overall percentage of nonwhite students was 78% at the schools located near high-traffic roads versus 60% at the schools with very low exposure (no streets with counted traffic data within 150 m). As the traffic exposure of schools increased, the percentage of both non-Hispanic black and Hispanic students attending the schools increased substantially. Traffic exposure was also related to school-based and census-tract-based socioeconomic indicators, including English language learners. The median percentage of children enrolled in free or reduced-price meal programs increased from 40.7% in the group with very low exposure to 60.5% in the highest exposure group. In summary, a substantial number of children in California attend schools close to major roads with very high traffic counts, and a disproportionate number of those students are economically disadvantaged and nonwhite.
登录
查看更多内容
影响因子：
10.4
作者：
Morello-Frosch R;Pastor M Jr;Porras C;Sadd J
通讯作者：
Sadd J
影响因子：
10.4
作者：
Maantay J
通讯作者：
Maantay J
影响因子：
10.4
作者：
Wilhelm M;Ritz B
通讯作者：
Ritz B
影响因子：
10.4
作者：
Delfino RJ
通讯作者：
Delfino RJ
影响因子：
5
作者：
Raaschou-Nielsen, O;Hertel, O;Olsen, JH
通讯作者：
Olsen, JH