Goal neglect and knowledge chunking in the construction of novel behaviour.
Goal neglect and knowledge chunking in the construction of novel behaviour.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.cognition.2013.08.013
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发表时间：
2014-01
期刊：
影响因子：
3.4
通讯作者：
Duncan J
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Bhandari A;Duncan J
液态智力与新奇行为中的目标忽视密切相关。忽视会随着任务的复杂程度而显著增加。任务复杂性效应受任务-子任务结构的约束。我们认为，复杂的行为在一系列注意力事件中受到控制。一种关于流体智力的新描述是基于情节结构的。任务复杂性对认知效率和流动智力至关重要。为了考察任务复杂性中的功能限制，我们考察了目标忽视现象，即流动性智力低的参与者未能遵循他们原本理解的任务规则。虽然众所周知，忽视随着任务复杂性的增加而增加，但与之前的描述相反，这里我们表明，关键因素并不是所有任务规则的总复杂性。相反，当任务要求的空间可以被分成单独的子部分时，忽略由每个组成部分的复杂性来控制。数据还表明，在最初的几次操作试验中，疏忽会发展并稳定下来，也就是说，当指令第一次被用来产生行为时。在所有复杂的行为中，关键过程是将任务事件与提取的任务要求相结合，以创造集中注意力的情节，依次处理每个决定。我们认为，在很大程度上，液态智力可能反映了将复杂的需求转化为有效的注意力事件的过程。
Fluid intelligence links closely to goal neglect in novel behaviour. Neglect increases strongly with task complexity. The task complexity effect is bounded by task-subtask structure. We argue that complex behaviour is controlled in a series of attentional episodes. A new account of fluid intelligence is based on episode construction. Task complexity is critical in cognitive efficiency and fluid intelligence. To examine functional limits in task complexity, we examine the phenomenon of goal neglect, where participants with low fluid intelligence fail to follow task rules that they otherwise understand. Though neglect is known to increase with task complexity, here we show that – in contrast to previous accounts – the critical factor is not the total complexity of all task rules. Instead, when the space of task requirements can be divided into separate sub-parts, neglect is controlled by the complexity of each component part. The data also show that neglect develops and stabilizes over the first few performance trials, i.e. as instructions are first used to generate behaviour. In all complex behaviour, a critical process is combination of task events with retrieved task requirements to create focused attentional episodes dealing with each decision in turn. In large part, we suggest, fluid intelligence may reflect this process of converting complex requirements into effective attentional episodes.
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影响因子：
1.8
作者：
Howard, MW;Kahana, MJ
通讯作者：
Kahana, MJ
DOI：
10.1073/pnas.95.24.14529
发表时间：
1998-11-24
影响因子：
11.1
作者：
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作者：
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通讯作者：
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影响因子：
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作者：
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通讯作者：
D'Esposito, Mark