Characteristics associated with HIV and hepatitis C seroprevalence among sexual and injecting partners of HIV positive persons who inject drugs in Nairobi and coastal Kenya.
Characteristics associated with HIV and hepatitis C seroprevalence among sexual and injecting partners of HIV positive persons who inject drugs in Nairobi and coastal Kenya.
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DOI：
10.1186/s12879-022-07036-8
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发表时间：
2022-01-21
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Farquhar C
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Sambai BC;Kingston H;Monroe-Wise A;Mbogo L;Juma E;Ludwig-Barron N;Guthrie BL;Bukusi D;Chohan BH;Scott J;Bosire R;Dunbar M;Macharia P;Masyuko S;Sinkele W;Herbeck JT;Farquhar C
在撒哈拉以南非洲（SSA）的许多地区，注射吸毒者（PWID）的艾滋病毒和丙型肝炎病毒（HCV）血清阳性率高于一般人群。在肯尼亚沿海地区，艾滋病毒和丙型肝炎病毒的血清患病率也高于内罗毕。了解肯尼亚PWID地区HIV和HCV变异的驱动因素可能为针对人群的预防干预提供信息。通过一项横断面研究，我们确定了肯尼亚两个地区HIV阳性PWID的性伴侣或注射伴侣中HIV和HCV的血清阳性率，并使用逻辑回归来确定与较高血清阳性率相关的人口统计学和行为特征。在2386名伴侣中，469人（19.7%）检测出HIV阳性，297人（12.4%）检测出HCV抗体阳性。沿海地区的伴侣更有可能感染艾滋病毒（血清患病率：海岸= 23.8%，内罗毕= 17.1%,p < 0.001）和HCV抗体阳性（血清患病率：海岸= 17.0%，内罗毕= 8.6%,p < 0.001）。在调整了性别、年龄和注射年限并考虑了地点聚类后，沿海地区两种疾病的高患病率在HIV （OR 1.68, 95% CI 1.13-2.51）中仍然显著，但在HCV （OR 1.72, 95% CI 0.84-3.74）中没有显著差异。相比招募在内罗毕,合作伙伴在海边老(海岸= 35年,内罗毕= 31年;p < 0.001),男性更有可能(海岸= 77.6%,内罗毕= 61.7%;p < 0.001),支付(海岸= 59.2%,内罗毕= 32.8%;p < 0.001)或接收(内罗毕海岸= 44.2%,35.4%,p < 0.001)为性,或者和某人做爱他们知道HIV阳性(内罗毕海岸22.0%,10.8%,p < 0.001)。与注射时间少于5年的伴侣相比，注射5年或更长时间的伴侣感染艾滋病毒的几率（95% CI 1.20-1.82）高1.48倍，感染丙型肝炎的几率（95% CI 1.84-4.11）高两倍以上。艾滋病毒和丙型肝炎病毒在性伴和注射伴中的血清患病率分别是肯尼亚一般人群报告的5倍和12倍（分别为4%和< 1%）。与其他研究相比，我们观察到，提供资源和教育对于减少接触和维持较低的针头和设备共享至关重要。在线版本包含补充材料，可在10.1186/s12879-022-07036-8获得。
Persons who inject drugs (PWID) have higher HIV and hepatitis C virus (HCV) seroprevalence than the general population in many parts of sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). The seroprevalences of HIV and HCV are also higher in coastal Kenya than in Nairobi. Understanding drivers of regional HIV and HCV variation among PWID in Kenya may inform population-specific prevention interventions. Using a cross-sectional study, we defined HIV and HCV seroprevalence among persons identified as sexual or injecting partners of HIV positive PWID in two regions of Kenya and used logistic regression to identify demographic and behavioral characteristics associated with higher seroprevalence. Among 2386 partners, 469 (19.7%) tested HIV positive and 297(12.4%) tested HCV antibody positive. Partners on the Coast were more likely to live with HIV (seroprevalences: Coast = 23.8%, Nairobi = 17.1%; p < 0.001) and be HCV antibody positive (seroprevalences: Coast = 17.0%, Nairobi = 8.6%; p < 0.001). After adjusting for sex, age, and years injecting and accounting for clustering by site, the higher prevalence of both diseases in the Coast remained significant for HIV (OR 1.68, 95% CI 1.13–2.51) but not for HCV (OR 1.72, 95% CI 0.84–3.74). Compared to those recruited in Nairobi, partners on the Coast were older (Coast = 35 years, Nairobi = 31 years; p < 0.001), more likely to be male (Coast = 77.6%, Nairobi = 61.7%; p < 0.001), to have paid (Coast = 59.2%, Nairobi = 32.8%; p < 0.001) or received (Coast = 44.2%, Nairobi 35.4%; p < 0.001) money for sex, or to have had sex with someone they knew to be HIV positive (Coast 22.0%, Nairobi 10.8%; p < 0.001). Partners who had injected for five or more years had 1.48 times greater odds (95% CI 1.20–1.82) of living with HIV compared to partners who injected less than 5 years and more than twice the odds of HCV (95% CI 1.84–4.11). HIV and HCV seroprevalence among sexual and injecting partners of PWID was, respectively, 5 times and > 12 times greater than is reported among the general population in Kenya (4% and < 1%, respectively). Providing resources and education will be crucial to reduce exposure and to maintain the lower needle and equipment sharing that we observed compared to other studies. The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12879-022-07036-8.
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影响因子：
4.4
作者：
Justman J;Befus M;Hughes J;Wang J;Golin CE;Adimora AA;Kuo I;Haley DF;Del Rio C;El-Sadr WM;Rompalo A;Mannheimer S;Soto-Torres L;Hodder S
通讯作者：
Hodder S
影响因子：
4.2
作者：
Brodish P;Singh K;Rinyuri A;Njeru C;Kingola N;Mureithi P;Sambisa W;Weir S
通讯作者：
Weir S
DOI：
10.1097/qai.0000000000000769
发表时间：
2015-12-01
影响因子：
3.6
作者：
Kurth, Ann E.;Cleland, Charles M.;Cherutich, Peter
通讯作者：
Cherutich, Peter
影响因子：
168.9
作者：
Mathers, Bradley M.;Degenhardt, Louisa;Mattick, Richard P.
通讯作者：
Mattick, Richard P.
影响因子：
2.9
作者：
Beckerleg, SE;Hundt, GL
通讯作者：
Hundt, GL