Direct and indirect antimicrobial activities of neuropeptides and their therapeutic potential.
Direct and indirect antimicrobial activities of neuropeptides and their therapeutic potential.
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DOI：
10.2174/138920312804871139
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发表时间：
2012-12
影响因子：
2.8
通讯作者：
Lundy FT
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Augustyniak D;Nowak J;Lundy FT
随着全球对传统抗生素耐药性的上升，我们需要制定新策略来开发未来的新型疗法。在我们寻求设计新型抗感染剂和抗菌剂的过程中，研究宿主与病原体的相互作用并从数千年来进化的宿主防御策略的复杂性中学习是很有意义的。现在已知多种宿主防御分子在防止人类感染方面发挥着作用。然而，宿主和病原体之间的相互作用被认为是多方面的，涉及无数宿主蛋白，包括几个肽家族。多个肽家族对感染和炎症的调节可能代表了功能简并方面的进化故障保护，并强调了宿主防御在生存中的重要性。其中一个家族是神经肽（NP），它通常被定义为肽神经递质，但最近被证明是多效性分子，是神经和免疫系统的组成部分。在这篇综述中，我们讨论了纳米粒子在体外和体内的抗菌和抗感染作用，并讨论了它们在克服传染病方面的潜在治疗作用。随着对纳米粒子功效的进一步了解，这些分子可能成为我们治疗感染和炎症的武器库的重要组成部分。据设想，选择性利用纳米粒子的抗感染、抗菌和免疫调节特性的靶向治疗方法可能成为我们当前治疗方式的有用辅助手段。
As global resistance to conventional antibiotics rises we need to develop new strategies to develop future novel therapeutics. In our quest to design novel anti-infectives and antimicrobials it is of interest to investigate host-pathogen interactions and learn from the complexity of host defense strategies that have evolved over millennia. A myriad of host defense molecules are now known to play a role in protection against human infection. However, the interaction between host and pathogen is recognized to be a multifaceted one, involving countless host proteins, including several families of peptides. The regulation of infection and inflammation by multiple peptide families may represent an evolutionary failsafe in terms of functional degeneracy and emphasizes the significance of host defense in survival. One such family is the neuropeptides (NPs), which are conventionally defined as peptide neurotransmitters but have recently been shown to be pleiotropic molecules that are integral components of the nervous and immune systems. In this review we address the antimicrobial and anti-infective effects of NPs both in vitro and in vivo and discuss their potential therapeutic usefulness in overcoming infectious diseases. With improved understanding of the efficacy of NPs, these molecules could become an important part of our arsenal of weapons in the treatment of infection and inflammation. It is envisaged that targeted therapy approaches that selectively exploit the anti-infective, antimicrobial and immunomodulatory properties of NPs could become useful adjuncts to our current therapeutic modalities.
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