Functional disturbances within frontostriatal circuits across multiple childhood psychopathologies.
Functional disturbances within frontostriatal circuits across multiple childhood psychopathologies.
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DOI：
10.1176/appi.ajp.2009.08091354
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发表时间：
2009-06
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Peterson BS
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Marsh R;Maia TV;Peterson BS
健康个体的神经影像学研究告诉我们额纹状体回路的规范性成熟，其服务于自我调节控制过程。这些研究的发现可以作为一个参考框架，用来比较这些过程在各种儿童精神病理学个体中的异常发展。作者回顾了大量的神经影像学证据，证明患有图雷特综合征和强迫症（OCD）的儿童和成人的额纹状体回路存在异常，以及数量有限的青少年和成人神经性厌食症或神经性贪食症的影像学研究，这些研究共同暗示了这些饮食失调的发病机制中额纹状体控制系统的失调。来自额纹状体回路异常发育的自我调节控制能力受损的存在，可能以类似的方式与正常发生的躯体感觉和运动冲动、侵入性思想、饥饿感以及对体型和体重的关注相互作用，分别导致图雷特综合症的抽搐、强迫症的强迫症、暴食症的暴食行为和厌食症的自我饥饿。平行额纹状体回路中类似的大脑机制，甚至是同一额纹状体回路的不同部分，可能是这些多重疾病中不同行为障碍的基础，尽管需要进一步的研究来证实这一假设。
Neuroimaging studies of healthy individuals inform us about the normative maturation of the frontostriatal circuits that subserve self-regulatory control processes. Findings from these studies can be used as a reference frame against which to compare the aberrant development of these processes in individuals across a wide range of childhood psychopathologies. The authors reviewed extensive neuroimaging evidence for the presence of abnormalities in frontostriatal circuits in children and adults with Tourette’s syndrome and obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) as well as a more limited number of imaging studies of adolescents and adults with anorexia nervosa or bulimia nervosa that, together, implicate dysregulation of frontostriatal control systems in the pathogenesis of these eating disorders. The presence of an impaired capacity for self-regulatory control that derives from abnormal development of frontostriatal circuits likely interacts in similar ways with normally occurring somatic sensations and motor urges, intrusive thoughts, sensations of hunger, and preoccupation with body shape and weight to contribute, respectively, to the development of the tics of Tourette’s syndrome, the obsessions of OCD, the binge eating behaviors of bulimia, and the self-starvation of anorexia. Analogous brain mechanisms in parallel frontostriatal circuits, or even in differing portions of the same frontostriatal circuit, may underlie the differing behavioral disturbances in these multiple disorders, although further research is needed to confirm this hypothesis.
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