Chronic Exposure to Alcohol Inhibits New Myelin Generation in Adult Mouse Brain.

Chronic Exposure to Alcohol Inhibits New Myelin Generation in Adult Mouse Brain.
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长期接触酒精会抑制成年小鼠大脑中新髓磷脂的生成

DOI:
10.3389/fncel.2021.732602
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发表时间:
2021
影响因子:
5.3
通讯作者:
Li T
Li T
中科院分区:
医学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Guo F;Zhang YF;Liu K;Huang X;Li RX;Wang SY;Wang F;Xiao L;Mei F;Li T

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长期饮酒会导致认知障碍,并伴有白色物质萎缩。最近的证据表明,髓鞘动力学仍然活跃,对成年期的大脑功能很重要。例如,学习和记忆功能需要新的髓鞘生成。然而,酒精暴露是否会改变成年期的髓鞘动力学仍不确定。在这项研究中,我们研究了长期酒精暴露对髓鞘动力学的影响,通过使用遗传方法标记新产生的髓鞘(NG 2-CreERt; mT/mG)。我们的研究结果表明,(饮用水中5%或10%)3周显著减少6月龄NG 2-CreER t的前额叶皮层和胼胝体中的mGFP + /NG 2-新髓鞘和mGFP + /CC 1+新少突胶质细胞; mT/mG小鼠与不改变mGFP + /NG 2+少突胶质前体细胞(OPC)密度的对照相比,这表明酒精暴露可能会抑制少突胶质细胞分化。在支持这些发现,酒精暴露并没有显着改变凋亡细胞的数量或整体MBP在大脑中的表达。此外,酒精暴露降低了mGFP + /NG 2 + OPC中组蛋白脱乙酰酶1(HDAC 1)的表达,这意味着表观遗传机制参与了OPC分化的停滞。总之,我们的研究结果表明,长期暴露于酒精可以抑制成年小鼠大脑中的髓鞘形成,这可能有助于酒精相关的认知障碍。
Chronic alcohol consumption causes cognitive impairments accompanying with white matter atrophy. Recent evidence has shown that myelin dynamics remain active and are important for brain functions in adulthood. For example, new myelin generation is required for learning and memory functions. However, it remains undetermined whether alcohol exposure can alter myelin dynamics in adulthood. In this study, we examine the effect of chronic alcohol exposure on myelin dynamics by using genetic approaches to label newly generated myelin (NG2-CreERt; mT/mG). Our results indicated that alcohol exposure (either 5% or 10% in drinking water) for 3 weeks remarkably reduced mGFP + /NG2- new myelin and mGFP + /CC1 + new oligodendrocytes in the prefrontal cortex and corpus callosum of 6-month-old NG2-CreERt; mT/mG mice as compared to controls without changing the mGFP + /NG2 + oligodendrocyte precursor cells (OPCs) density, suggesting that alcohol exposure may inhibit oligodendrocyte differentiation. In support with these findings, the alcohol exposure did not significantly alter apoptotic cell number or overall MBP expression in the brains. Further, the alcohol exposure decreased the histone deacetylase1 (HDAC1) expression in mGFP + /NG2 + OPCs, implying epigenetic mechanisms were involved in the arrested OPC differentiation. Together, our results indicate that chronic exposure to alcohol can inhibit myelinogenesis in the adult mouse brain and that may contribute to alcohol-related cognitive impairments.
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