De/colonizing OpenStreetMap? Local mappers, humanitarian and commercial actors and the changing modes of collaborative mapping
De/colonizing OpenStreetMap? Local mappers, humanitarian and commercial actors and the changing modes of collaborative mapping
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去/殖民 OpenStreetMap？
DOI：
10.1007/s10708-021-10547-7
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发表时间：
2021
期刊：
影响因子：
2.7
通讯作者：
Finn Dammann
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Schröder-Bergen;Susanne;Glasze;Michel;Boris ;Finn Dammann
在早期，地理数据和地图项目OpenStreetMap（OSM）因开放和“民主化”地理知识的生产而广受赞誉。然而，重要的研究突出表明，新的社会技术协作制图做法往往也产生或复制排斥模式，尤其是在全球南方和北方之间的相对数据密度方面。尽管有这些发现，我们认为重要的是要承认越来越多的贡献的地理数据以外的旧欧洲核心的OSM。OSM地理数据生产的这种扩大与OSM行为体和社会技术做法的多样化有关。虽然OSM经常被描述为一个基于人群的项目，汇集了成千上万的个人工艺制图者，但我们对OSM元数据的分析表明，新的机构参与者正在获得相关性。这些事态发展不仅导致了新的合作，也导致了地方测绘界与机构行为体之间的冲突。我们从两个方面来解释这些过程。首先，制图活动的扩大可被视为非殖民化进程，全球北方和南方之间数据密度的数量差异部分缩小，新的地方制图者群体有能力产生地理知识。其次，这些新的发展也可以被理解为殖民化过程。大型商业行为者参与OSM引起了人们的关切，即该项目（及其当地制图者）可能被用作一种新的数据提取手段，特别是OSM社区中新的和不同的声音因固定在经济上可利用的、现代主义和普遍主义的认识论而被边缘化。然而，这种所谓的明确区分不应掩盖殖民化和非殖民化进程以复杂方式相互交织的事实。
In its early days, the geodata and mapping project OpenStreetMap (OSM) was widely celebrated for opening up and “democratizing” the production of geographic knowledge. However, critical research highlights that the new socio-technical practices of collaborative mapping often also produce or reproduce patterns of exclusion, not least in the area of relative data density between the Global South and North. These findings notwithstanding, we consider it important to acknowledge the increasing number of contributions of geodata from regions outside the old European core of OSM. This expansion of geodata production in OSM is related to a diversification of OSM actors and socio-technical practices. While OSM has often been described as a crowd-based project bringing together thousands of individual craft mappers, our analysis of OSM metadata indicates new institutional actors are gaining relevance. These developments have not only resulted in new collaborations but also conflicts between local mapping communities and institutional actors. We interpret these processes in two ways. First, the expansion of mapping activities can be viewed as adecolonizingprocess, whereby quantitative differences in data density between the Global North and South are partly reduced and new groups of local mappers are empowered to produce geographic knowledge. Second, these new developments can also be understood ascolonizingprocesses. The engagement of large commercial actors in OSM raises concerns that the project (and its local mappers) could be used as a new means of data extraction and that in particular new and diverse voices in the OSM community are marginalized by a fixation on economically exploitable, modernistic and universalistic epistemologies. However, this supposedly clear distinction should not obscure the fact that colonizing and decolonizing processes intertwine in complex ways.
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DOI：
10.1080/24694452.2017.1402673
发表时间：
2018-01-01
影响因子：
3.9
作者：
Burns, Ryan
通讯作者：
Burns, Ryan
OpenStreetMap 中的社会关系再现：das Beispiel 耶路撒冷
影响因子：
--
作者：
Christian Bittner
通讯作者：
Christian Bittner
影响因子：
3.1
作者：
Cate Turk
通讯作者：
Cate Turk
D/去殖民化的政治地理学：地理学中/的多样化和去殖民挑战
DOI：
--
发表时间：
2020
期刊：
影响因子：
--
作者：
S. Radcliffe;Isabella M. Radhuber
通讯作者：
Isabella M. Radhuber
影响因子：
2
作者：
Ricaurte, Paola
通讯作者：
Ricaurte, Paola