Variation of neck muscle strength along the human cervical spine.
Variation of neck muscle strength along the human cervical spine.
复制标题
颈部肌肉力量沿人体颈椎的变化。
DOI：
10.4271/2004-22-0017
复制
发表时间：
2004
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
V. Chancey
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Nelson Oi;M. Pandy;B. Myers;R. Nightingale;V. Chancey
本研究的目的是描述和解释颈部肌肉力量沿颈椎的变化。建立了头颈复合体的三维模型，以验证上颈椎颈部肌肉组织产生力矩的能力低于下颈椎的假设。模型计算表明，颈部肌肉可以保护下颈椎在伸展和侧屈时免受损伤。下颈椎的最大屈肌力矩是上颈椎的2倍。该模型还预测，在侧屈时，下颈椎的颈部肌肉组织强度增加30%。下颈椎的峰值压缩力（可达体重的3倍）较高。这些结果与临床发现一致，颈部的伸展负荷经常导致上颈椎损伤。对模型结果的分析显示，由于胸锁乳突肌相对较大，下颈椎的颈部屈肌强度更大。舌骨肌在上颈椎关节处有明显的屈肌力矩，因为这些肌肉有相对较大的屈肌力矩臂；然而，这种影响被胸锁乳突肌的作用所抵消，它在脊柱上部施加了一个大的伸肌力矩。颈部肌肉的侧向弯曲强度由几何形状（即力臂）而不是由肌肉大小决定。
The aim of this study was to describe and explain the variation of neck muscle strength along the cervical spine. A three-dimensional model of the head-neck complex was developed to test the hypothesis that the moment-generating capacity of the neck musculature is lower in the upper cervical spine than in the lower cervical spine. The model calculations suggest that the neck muscles can protect the lower cervical spine from injury during extension and lateral bending. The maximum flexor moment developed in the lower cervical spine was 2 times higher than that developed in the upper spine. The model also predicted that the neck musculature is 30% stronger in the lower cervical spine during lateral bending. Peak compressive forces (up to 3 times body weight) were higher in the lower cervical spine. These results are consistent with the clinical finding that extension loading of the neck often leads to injuries in the upper cervical spine. Analysis of the model results showed that neck flexor strength was greater in the lower cervical spine because of the relatively large size of the sternocleidomastoid muscle. The hyoid muscles developed significant flexor moments about the joints of the upper cervical spine, as these muscles had relatively large flexor moment arms; however, this effect was offset by the action of the sternocleidomastoid, which exerted a large extensor moment in the upper spine. Lateral bending strength of the neck muscles was governed by geometry (i.e., moment arms) rather than by muscle size.
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影响因子：
--
作者：
F. Zajac
通讯作者：
F. Zajac
DOI：
10.1115/1.3138494
发表时间：
1984-01-01
影响因子：
1.7
作者：
AN, KN;TAKAHASHI, K;CHAO, EY
通讯作者：
CHAO, EY
影响因子：
2.4
作者：
Anderson, FC;Pandy, MG
通讯作者：
Pandy, MG
影响因子：
2.4
作者：
STOKES, IAF;GARDNERMORSE, M
通讯作者：
GARDNERMORSE, M
影响因子：
2.4
作者：
PANDY, MG;ZAJAC, FE;LEVINE, WS
通讯作者：
LEVINE, WS