Health-Related Behaviors Among School-Aged Children and Adolescents During the Spanish Covid-19 Confinement.
Health-Related Behaviors Among School-Aged Children and Adolescents During the Spanish Covid-19 Confinement.
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DOI：
10.3389/fped.2020.00573
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发表时间：
2020
影响因子：
2.6
通讯作者：
Smith L
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
López-Bueno R;López-Sánchez GF;Casajús JA;Calatayud J;Gil-Salmerón A;Grabovac I;Tully MA;Smith L
为应对2019冠状病毒病（COVID-19）全球大流行，西班牙等受影响国家颁布了包括强制隔离及限制自由行动的措施。这些措施可能影响儿童和青少年的生活方式。我们的研究旨在调查Covid-19禁闭对西班牙儿童和青少年健康相关行为（HRB）的影响。对516名家长进行了一项在线调查，以收集约860名3至16岁的儿童和青少年（49.2%为女孩）在新冠肺炎隔离期间的身体活动、屏幕暴露、睡眠时间以及水果和蔬菜摄入量的数据。分别采用t配对检验和组间t检验来检验限制前和限制中以及严格限制和放松限制之间的HRB水平差异。观察组与对照组相比，在坐月子期间每周体力活动的分钟数减少（-102.5，SD 159.6）（p < 0.001），每天接触屏幕的小时数增加（2.9，SD 2.1）（p < 0.001），每天水果和蔬菜的摄入量减少（-0.2，SD 1.6）（p < 0.001）。睡眠时间在严格限制和放松限制之间存在显著差异（−0.3，标准差0.1）（p < 0.05），而二项logistic回归调整协变量（年龄、性别、父母的教育程度、兄弟姐妹、当前状况、新冠肺炎暴露情况和既往健康风险行为）显示，放宽限制后，屏幕暴露风险行为的几率显著降低（OR 0.60，95%CI 0.40-0.91）。目前的研究表明，新型冠状病毒隔离降低了身体活动水平，增加了屏幕暴露和睡眠时间，并减少了水果和蔬菜的消费。因此，在西班牙儿童和青少年样本中，大多数HRB恶化。关闭学校，在线教育，以及缺乏解决劳动和家庭生活之间的协调的政策，可能在学生的HRB恶化中发挥了重要作用，这可能会通过适当的调解政策，家长指导和社区支持来缓解。
In response to the coronavirus disease 2019 (Covid-19) world pandemic, affected countries such as Spain enacted measures comprising compulsory confinement as well as restrictions regarding free movement. Such measures likely influence children's and adolescents' lifestyles. Our study aimed to investigate the impact that the Covid-19 confinement has on health-related behaviors (HRBs) among Spanish children and adolescents. An online survey was administered to 516 parents to collect data about 860 children and adolescents (49.2% girls) aged between 3 and 16 years in relation to physical activity, screen exposure, sleep time, and fruit and vegetable consumption during the Covid-19 confinement. Respectively, t-paired test and t-test between groups served to check differences between HRBs levels before and during the confinement as well as between strict and relaxed confinement. Significant differences were found for a reduction of weekly minutes of physical activity during the confinement (−102.5, SD 159.6) (p < 0.001), an increase of daily hours of screen exposure (2.9, SD 2.1) (p < 0.001), and a reduction of daily fruit and vegetable consumption (−0.2, SD 1.6) (p < 0.001). Sleep time showed a significant difference between strict and relaxed confinement (−0.3, SD 0.1) (p < 0.05), whereas binomial logistic regression adjusted for covariates (age, sex, education of the parents, siblings, current condition, exposure to Covid-19, and previous health risk behavior) showed significantly lower odds for screen exposure risk behavior with relaxed confinement (OR 0.60, 95%CI 0.40–0.91). The present study suggests that Covid-19 confinement reduced physical activity levels, increased both screen exposure and sleep time, and reduced fruit and vegetable consumption. Therefore, most HRBs worsened among this sample of Spanish children and adolescents. Closure of schools, online education, and the lack of policies addressing the conciliation between labor and family life could have played an important role in HRBs worsening among pupils, which might be mitigated with adequate conciliation policies, parental guidance, and community support.
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