Recent advances in the involvement of long non-coding RNAs in neural stem cell biology and brain pathophysiology.

Recent advances in the involvement of long non-coding RNAs in neural stem cell biology and brain pathophysiology.
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长期非编码RNA参与神经干细胞生物学和脑病理生理学的最新进展。

DOI:
10.3389/fphys.2014.00155
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发表时间:
2014
影响因子:
4
通讯作者:
Politis PK
Politis PK
中科院分区:
医学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Antoniou D;Stergiopoulos A;Politis PK

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对非编码基因组的探索最近发现了越来越多以前未知的调节性长非编码 RNA (lncRNA),它们在干细胞多能性、多种组织的发育和稳态中具有重要功能。尽管数以千计的lncRNA在哺乳动物大脑中以高度模式化的方式表达,但它们在大脑发育中的作用才刚刚开始显现。最近的数据表明这些分子在控制神经元和神经胶质细胞分化的基因调控网络中发挥着关键作用。对 lncRNA 编码基因的基因组分布分析表明,这些调节 RNA 与转录因子 (TF) 之间存在物理关联,在神经分化中具有明确的作用,这表明 lncRNA 和 TF 可能形成连贯的调节网络,在神经干细胞 (NSC) 中具有重要功能。此外,许多研究表明 lncRNA 参与大脑相关疾病/紊乱的病理生理学。在这里,我们讨论这些观察结果并研究 lncRNA、大脑发育和大脑相关疾病之间的联系。了解 lncRNA 在 NSC 和脑器官发生中的功能可能会彻底改变发育生物学和神经科学的基本原理。
Exploration of non-coding genome has recently uncovered a growing list of formerly unknown regulatory long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) with important functions in stem cell pluripotency, development and homeostasis of several tissues. Although thousands of lncRNAs are expressed in mammalian brain in a highly patterned manner, their roles in brain development have just begun to emerge. Recent data suggest key roles for these molecules in gene regulatory networks controlling neuronal and glial cell differentiation. Analysis of the genomic distribution of genes encoding for lncRNAs indicates a physical association of these regulatory RNAs with transcription factors (TFs) with well-established roles in neural differentiation, suggesting that lncRNAs and TFs may form coherent regulatory networks with important functions in neural stem cells (NSCs). Additionally, many studies show that lncRNAs are involved in the pathophysiology of brain-related diseases/disorders. Here we discuss these observations and investigate the links between lncRNAs, brain development and brain-related diseases. Understanding the functions of lncRNAs in NSCs and brain organogenesis could revolutionize the basic principles of developmental biology and neuroscience.
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