Interdisciplinarity and systems science to improve population health: a view from the NIH Office of Behavioral and Social Sciences Research.
Interdisciplinarity and systems science to improve population health: a view from the NIH Office of Behavioral and Social Sciences Research.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.amepre.2008.05.018
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发表时间：
2008-08
影响因子：
5.5
通讯作者：
Abrams, David B.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Mabry, Patricia L.;Olster, Deborah H.;Morgan, Glen D.;Abrams, David B.
在快速发现的推动下，人类了解可预防的常见疾病负担的最终原因和确定解决办法的能力正在达到一个革命性的临界点。实现所有社会成员的最佳健康和福祉，既要了解行为科学、社会科学和公共卫生科学所确定的因素，也要了解生物科学所确定的因素。数学建模、信息学、成像、传感器技术和通信工具的不断进步刺激了科学领域的几个融合趋势：对表观基因组调控的新兴理解；在改变人口健康行为方面取得巨大成功；提高了行为科学、社会科学和经济科学的科学严谨性。促进更强有力的跨学科伙伴关系，将多层次的“原因的原因”的行为-社会-生态模型与健康和疾病的分子、细胞以及最终的生理基础结合起来，将有助于取得突破，改善公众健康。美国国立卫生研究院（NIH）行为和社会科学研究办公室（OBSSR）的战略愿景植根于一种合作方法，以解决挑战公众健康的复杂和多维问题。本文描述了OBSSR的四个关键规划方向（下一代基础科学、跨学科研究、系统科学和基于问题的人口影响焦点），以说明跨学科和跨学科的观点如何促进生物、行为、社会和人口水平的研究纵向整合，这些研究贯穿整个生命周期和跨代。跨学科和多层次的方法对于OBSSR的使命是将行为和社会科学更充分地整合到NIH的科学事业中，对于NIH的总体使命是利用科学来追求关于生命系统的性质和行为的基本知识，并应用这些知识来延长健康的生命，减少疾病和残疾的负担，都是至关重要的。
Fueled by the rapid pace of discovery, humankind's ability to understand the ultimate causes of preventable common disease burdens and to identify solutions is now reaching a revolutionary tipping point. Achieving optimal health and well-being for all members of society lies as much in the understanding of the factors identified by the behavioral, social, and public health sciences as by the biological ones. Accumulating advances in mathematical modeling, informatics, imaging, sensor technology, and communication tools have stimulated several converging trends in science: an emerging understanding of epigenomic regulation; dramatic successes in achieving population health-behavior changes; and improved scientific rigor in behavioral, social, and economic sciences. Fostering stronger interdisciplinary partnerships to bring together the behavioral–social–ecologic models of multilevel “causes of the causes” and the molecular, cellular, and, ultimately, physiological bases of health and disease will facilitate breakthroughs to improve the public's health. The strategic vision of the Office of Behavioral and Social Sciences Research (OBSSR) at the National Institutes of Health (NIH) is rooted in a collaborative approach to addressing the complex and multidimensional issues that challenge the public's health. This paper describes OBSSR's four key programmatic directions (next-generation basic science, interdisciplinary research, systems science, and a problem-based focus for population impact) to illustrate how interdisciplinary and transdisciplinary perspectives can foster the vertical integration of research among biological, behavioral, social, and population levels of analysis over the lifespan and across generations. Interdisciplinary and multilevel approaches are critical both to the OBSSR's mission of integrating behavioral and social sciences more fully into the NIH scientific enterprise and to the overall NIH mission of utilizing science in the pursuit of fundamental knowledge about the nature and behavior of living systems and the application of that knowledge to extend healthy life and reduce the burdens of illness and disability.
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影响因子：
158.5
作者：
Knowler, WC;Barrett-Connor, E;Nathan, DM
通讯作者：
Nathan, DM
影响因子：
7.4
作者：
Gibbons, Michael C
通讯作者：
Gibbons, Michael C
影响因子：
5.1
作者：
Cohen, DA;Scribner, RA;Farley, TA
通讯作者：
Farley, TA
影响因子：
12.7
作者：
Homer, JB;Hirsch, GB
通讯作者：
Hirsch, GB
影响因子：
12.7
作者：
Krieger, N;Chen, JT;Subramanian, SV
通讯作者：
Subramanian, SV