Systematic analysis of ribophagy in human cells reveals bystander flux during selective autophagy.

Systematic analysis of ribophagy in human cells reveals bystander flux during selective autophagy.
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人类细胞中核能的系统分析揭示了选择性自噬期间旁观者的通量。

DOI:
10.1038/s41556-017-0007-x
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发表时间:
2018-03
影响因子:
21.3
通讯作者:
Harper JW
Harper JW
中科院分区:
生物学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
An H;Harper JW

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核糖体是丰富的细胞机器,受装配、多余亚基周转和新生链质量控制机制的调节。此外,据报道,酵母中的氮饥饿可以促进选择性核糖体以自噬偶联系统依赖的方式传递到液泡,这一过程被称为“核糖噬”。然而,哺乳动物的核噬是选择性的还是受调控的尚不清楚。利用核糖- keima通量报告因子,我们发现饥饿或mTOR抑制可促进vps34依赖的核糖自噬通量,而与酵母不同的是,这种自噬通量在很大程度上与ATG8偶联无关,并与其他细胞质蛋白自噬通量报告因子同时发生。核糖自噬通量不是通过抑制翻译延伸或新生链解偶联诱导的,而是通过亚砷酸盐或依赖于VPS34和ATG8偶联的染色体错分离在蛋白质毒性胁迫下以相对选择性的方式诱导的。出乎意料的是,通常用于诱导选择性自噬的药物也促进了核糖体和细胞质蛋白报告蛋白通量的增加,这表明在通常被认为是选择性自噬的过程中,存在大量或“旁观者”自噬。这些结果强调了在评估选择性自噬途径时监测非特异性货物通量的重要性。
Ribosomes are abundant cellular machines regulated by assembly, supernumerary subunit turnover, and nascent chain quality control mechanisms. Moreover, nitrogen starvation in yeast has been reported to promote selective ribosome delivery to the vacuole in an autophagy conjugation system-dependent manner, a process called “ribophagy”. However, whether ribophagy in mammals is selective or regulated is unclear. Using Ribo-Keima flux reporters, we find that starvation or mTOR inhibition promotes VPS34-dependent ribophagic flux, which unlike yeast, is largely ATG8 conjugation independent and occurs concomitantly with other cytosolic protein autophagic flux reporters. Ribophagic flux was not induced upon inhibition of translational elongation or nascent chain uncoupling, but was induced in a comparatively selective manner upon proteotoxic stress via arsenite or chromosome mis-segregation dependent upon VPS34 and ATG8 conjugation. Unexpectedly, agents typically used to induce selective autophagy also promoted increased ribosome and cytosolic protein reporter flux, suggesting significant bulk or “by-stander” autophagy during what is often considered selective autophagy. These results emphasize the importance of monitoring non-specific cargo flux when assessing selective autophagy pathways.
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