What can management option uptake tell us about ecosystem services delivery through agri-environment schemes?

What can management option uptake tell us about ecosystem services delivery through agri-environment schemes?
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关于通过农业环境计划提供生态系统服务,管理选项的采用可以告诉我们什么?

DOI:
10.1016/j.landusepol.2018.10.039
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发表时间:
2019
期刊:
影响因子:
7.1
通讯作者:
Arnott D
Arnott D
中科院分区:
法学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Arnott D

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农业环境计划(AES)目前被纳入欧盟和英国的政策,积极促进“绿化”、“可持续性”和“生态系统服务”的土地管理方法。然而,这些政策的资金结构与这种可持续方法背道而驰,并主要通过持续关注生产力支持,为AES的成功创造了障碍。在本研究中,我们的目标是确定基于行动的AES作为一种生态系统服务交付机制的有效性,使用二级数据分析技术来揭示AES资金分布和方案结构的复杂性,并使用地理信息系统(GIS)来探索AES管理选项的空间范围和吸收,以英国威尔士为研究区。我们的研究结果显示,84%的AES支付接受者每年收到的金额低于1万英镑,仅占可用资金总额的35%。在2015年和2017年授予的所有高级管理合同中,共有165个管理选择权中的15个占了75%。在许多情况下,这种选择的偏好通过“一切照旧”的方法,积极地防止了现有生境条件的进一步恶化。然而,我们认为,这些计划的自愿性、过度规定性限制了管理选择的采纳,对计划提供生态系统服务的能力产生了负面影响,并削弱了政府促进长期行为改变的能力。如果AES要提供未来政策要求的“公共产品”,那么有针对性和充足的资金水平和参与意愿必须与更大的农民自主权和明确的结果相结合,以在景观范围内提供管理选择。
Agri-environment schemes (AES), currently embedded in EU and UK policies, actively promote ‘greening’, ‘sustainability’ and ‘ecosystem services’ approaches to land management. The funding structures of these policies, however, run counter to this sustainable approach, and create barriers to AES success, primarily through a continued focus on productivity support. In this study, we aim to determine the effectiveness of action-based AES, as a delivery mechanism for ecosystem services, using secondary data analysis techniques to unravel the complexities of AES funding distribution and scheme structure and geographic information systems (GIS) to explore the spatial extent and uptake of AES management options, using Wales, UK as a study area. Our results show 84% of recipients of AES payments receiving <£10k annually, comprising only 35% of the total available funding. 15, out of a total of ∼165, management options, accounted for >75% of all advanced level management contracts awarded in both 2015 and 2017. This bias in option uptake, in many cases, positively prevents further deterioration of existing habitat condition through a ‘business as usual’ approach. However, we argue that the voluntary, over prescriptive nature of the schemes limits management option uptake, negatively impacts on the schemes ability to deliver ecosystem services, and lessens the government’s ability to promote long-term behavioural change. If AES are to deliver the ‘“Public Goods”’ that future policy demands, then targeted and adequate levels of funding and a willingness to participate must be combined with greater farmer autonomy and clear outcomes to deliver management options at a landscape scale.
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