Susceptibility of Anopheles stephensi to Plasmodium gallinaceum: a trait of the mosquito, the parasite, and the environment.
Susceptibility of Anopheles stephensi to Plasmodium gallinaceum: a trait of the mosquito, the parasite, and the environment.
复制标题
DOI：
10.1371/journal.pone.0020156
复制
发表时间：
2011
期刊：
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Lehmann T
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Hume JC;Hamilton H 3rd;Lee KL;Lehmann T
媒介对疟原虫感染的易感性主要被视为媒介性状，尽管它是一种复合性状，表达了寄生虫和媒介的联合发生，具有两者的遗传贡献。目前缺乏一种全面的办法来评估遗传和环境变异对“病媒易感性”的具体影响。在这里，我们开发并实施了一个简单的计划，以评估特定的贡献的载体，寄生虫，和环境的“载体易感性”。据我们所知，这是第一个采用这种方法的研究。我们进行了选择实验的载体（同时保持寄生虫“恒定”）和寄生虫（同时保持载体“恒定”），以估计蚊子和寄生虫的遗传贡献的斯氏按蚊对鸡疟原虫的易感性。我们分别估计了（i）蚊子媒介对寄生虫感染的易感性和（ii）寄生虫与媒介的相容性（可传播性），同时控制另一种的实现遗传力。病媒和寄生虫的遗传力较高，感染蚊子的比例，比相应的寄生虫负荷的遗传性，即，每只蚊子的卵囊数量。媒介的遗传（遗传力）包括67%的“媒介易感性”，通过感染P. gallinaceum卵囊的蚊子的患病率来衡量，而寄生虫遗传（遗传力）对这一特征的具体贡献仅为5%。我们的寄生虫来源可能具有最小的遗传多样性，这可以解释其低遗传力（和载体的高价值）。其中，环境贡献了28%。这些估计仅与所研究的特定系统相关，但这种实验设计可能对其他寄生-宿主系统有用。在这一框架的基础上，更好地考虑了对病媒种群进行遗传操纵以使病媒对寄生虫具有抗性的前景和局限性。
Vector susceptibility to Plasmodium infection is treated primarily as a vector trait, although it is a composite trait expressing the joint occurrence of the parasite and the vector with genetic contributions of both. A comprehensive approach to assess the specific contribution of genetic and environmental variation on “vector susceptibility” is lacking. Here we developed and implemented a simple scheme to assess the specific contributions of the vector, the parasite, and the environment to “vector susceptibility.” To the best of our knowledge this is the first study that employs such an approach. We conducted selection experiments on the vector (while holding the parasite “constant”) and on the parasite (while holding the vector “constant”) to estimate the genetic contributions of the mosquito and the parasite to the susceptibility of Anopheles stephensi to Plasmodium gallinaceum. We separately estimated the realized heritability of (i) susceptibility to parasite infection by the mosquito vector and (ii) parasite compatibility (transmissibility) with the vector while controlling the other. The heritabilities of vector and the parasite were higher for the prevalence, i.e., fraction of infected mosquitoes, than the corresponding heritabilities of parasite load, i.e., the number of oocysts per mosquito. The vector's genetics (heritability) comprised 67% of “vector susceptibility” measured by the prevalence of mosquitoes infected with P. gallinaceum oocysts, whereas the specific contribution of parasite genetics (heritability) to this trait was only 5%. Our parasite source might possess minimal genetic diversity, which could explain its low heritability (and the high value of the vector). Notably, the environment contributed 28%. These estimates are relevant only to the particular system under study, but this experimental design could be useful for other parasite-host systems. The prospects and limitations of the genetic manipulation of vector populations to render the vector resistant to the parasite are better considered on the basis of this framework.
登录
查看更多内容
影响因子：
4.8
作者：
Alto, BW;Lounibos, LP;Juliano, SA
通讯作者：
Juliano, SA
影响因子：
1.9
作者：
Hogg, JC;Thomson, MC;Hurd, H
通讯作者：
Hurd, H
影响因子：
--
作者：
Boakye, DA;Wilson, MD;Gyapong, J
通讯作者：
Gyapong, J
DOI：
10.4269/ajtmh.1995.52.213
发表时间：
1995-03-01
影响因子：
3.3
作者：
COLLINS, RC;LEHMANN, T;GUDERIAN, RH
通讯作者：
GUDERIAN, RH
DOI：
10.4269/ajtmh.1997.56.247
发表时间：
1997-03-01
影响因子：
3.3
作者：
Fontenille, D;Lochouarn, L;Trape, JF
通讯作者：
Trape, JF