Theory-driven intervention for changing personality: expectancy value theory, behavioral activation, and conscientiousness.

Theory-driven intervention for changing personality: expectancy value theory, behavioral activation, and conscientiousness.
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DOI:
10.1037/a0030583
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发表时间:
2014-05
影响因子:
4
通讯作者:
Lejuez, C. W.
Lejuez, C. W.
中科院分区:
心理学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Magidson, Jessica F.;Roberts, Brent W.;Collado-Rodriguez, Anahi;Lejuez, C. W.

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相当多的证据表明,人格特征可能是可以改变的,这就提高了与健康问题最相关的人格特征可以通过干预来改变的可能性。越来越多的研究表明,有问题的人格特征可以通过使用底部方法的行为干预来改变。也就是说,通过瞄准人格特质的核心行为,以产生新的、更健康的行为模式为目标,随着时间的推移,这些行为模式会变得自动化,并在人格特质的变化中表现出来。然而,自下而上的人格特征改变模型有些分散,需要更清晰地整合理论和相关干预措施,才能实现真正的临床应用。因此,本文提出了一套指导原则,用于使用自下而上的方法对目标人格特质进行理论驱动的修改,特别关注使用相关的行为干预,行为激活(BA),在期望价值理论(EVT)的动机框架内考虑。最后,我们以一个真实的案例为例,说明了应用BA来改变与物质依赖患者的责任心相反的行为,强调了与该方法最相关的EVT原则,以及理论驱动的、自下而上的方法改变人格特征的重要性和可行性。
Considerable evidence suggests that personality traits may be changeable, raising the possibility that personality traits most linked to health problems can be modified with intervention. A growing body of research suggests that problematic personality traits may be altered with behavioral intervention using a bottom-approach. That is, by targeting core behaviors that underlie personality traits with the goal of engendering new, healthier patterns of behavior that over time become automatized and manifest in changes in personality traits. Nevertheless, a bottom-up model for changing personality traits is somewhat diffuse and requires clearer integration of theory and relevant interventions to enable real clinical application. As such, this manuscript proposes a set of guiding principles for theory-driven modification of targeted personality traits using a bottom-up approach, focusing specifically on targeting the trait of conscientiousness using a relevant behavioral intervention, Behavioral Activation (BA), considered within the motivational framework of Expectancy Value Theory (EVT). We conclude with a real case example of the application of BA to alter behaviors counter to conscientiousness in a substance dependent patient, highlighting the EVT principles most relevant to the approach and the importance and viability of a theoretically-driven, bottom-up approach to changing personality traits.
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