Sex Differences in Vulnerability and Resilience to Stress Across the Life Span.
Sex Differences in Vulnerability and Resilience to Stress Across the Life Span.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.biopsych.2019.04.028
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发表时间：
2019-09-15
影响因子：
10.6
通讯作者：
Epperson CN
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Hodes GE;Epperson CN
对压力的易感性和恢复力取决于与发育相关的暴露时间，何时测量整个生命周期的影响，以及正在考虑的行为或生物表型。这篇转化性综述研究了临床前压力模型，为因果机制及其与人类“压力相关”精神和认知障碍的更复杂现象的关系提供了线索。我们研究了遗传性别和激素的表观遗传调节如何在生命的不同时期对压力的近端和远端影响作出贡献。产前和产后早期生活中的压力使男性面临罹患社会化、注意力和认知方面疾病的风险，例如自闭症谱系障碍和注意力缺陷障碍。虽然女性对产前/产后早期压力的一些近端影响表现出弹性，但有证据表明，在女性经历青春期、妊娠期和围绝经期等激素激活和通量期后，与发育损害相关的风险被揭示出来。同样，青春期的压力暴露对女性有更强的近端影响，包括增加患情绪和压力相关疾病的风险，如抑郁、焦虑和创伤后应激障碍。更年期和男性更年期期间的荷尔蒙变化会影响两性的记忆和情感过程，尽管女性更容易患痴呆症，童年时期的逆境会影响雌二醇对神经功能的影响。我们建议，在整个生命周期中确定压力风险和恢复机制的研究必须考虑压力暴露的性质和时间以及被调查生物体的性别。
Susceptibility and resilience to stress depend on the timing of the exposure with respect to development, when across the lifespan effects are measured, and the behavioral or biological phenotype under consideration. This translational review examines preclinical stress models providing clues to causal mechanisms and their relationship to more the complex phenomenon of “stress-related” psychiatric and cognitive disorders in humans. We examine how genetic sex and epigenetic regulation of hormones contribute to the proximal and distal effects of stress at different epochs of life. Stress during the pre-natal period and early post-natal life put males at risk of developing diseases involving socialization, attention and cognition, such as autism spectrum disorders, and attention deficit disorder, respectively. While females show resilience to some of the proximal effects of pre-natal/early post-natal stress there is evidence that risk associated with developmental insults is unmasked in females following periods of hormonal activation and flux including puberty, pregnancy and perimenopause. Likewise, stress exposures during puberty have stronger proximal effects on females including an increased risk of developing mood- and stress- related illnesses such as depression, anxiety and, post-traumatic stress disorder. Hormonal changes during menopause and andropause impact the processes of memory and emotion in both sexes, though females are preferentially at risk for dementia and childhood adversity impacts estradiol effects on neural function. We propose that studies to determine mechanisms for stress risk and resilience across the lifespan must consider the nature and timing of stress exposures as well as the sex of the organism under investigation.
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影响因子：
5.7
作者：
Bessa DS;Maschietto M;Aylwin CF;Canton APM;Brito VN;Macedo DB;Cunha-Silva M;Palhares HMC;de Resende EAMR;Borges MF;Mendonca BB;Netchine I;Krepischi ACV;Lomniczi A;Ojeda SR;Latronico AC
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作者：
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Neigh, Gretchen N.
DOI：
10.1097/01.chi.0000136562.24085.160
发表时间：
2004-10-01
影响因子：
13.3
作者：
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通讯作者：
Zaharie, S