Wolbachia enhances West Nile virus (WNV) infection in the mosquito Culex tarsalis.
Wolbachia enhances West Nile virus (WNV) infection in the mosquito Culex tarsalis.
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DOI：
10.1371/journal.pntd.0002965
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发表时间：
2014-07
影响因子：
3.8
通讯作者：
Rasgon JL
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Dodson BL;Hughes GL;Paul O;Matacchiero AC;Kramer LD;Rasgon JL
需要新的策略来控制蚊子及其传播的病原体。一种有吸引力的方法涉及母系遗传的内共生沃尔巴克氏体细菌。在人工感染沃尔巴克氏体后，许多蚊子变得难以感染和传播各种病原体。我们评估了Wolbachia（wAlbB株）对西尼罗河病毒（WNV）在自然未感染的淡色库蚊（Culex tarsalis）中的感染、传播和传播的影响，淡色库蚊是北美重要的WNV载体。接种到成年雌蚊体内后，Wolbachia达到高滴度并广泛传播到许多组织，包括头部、胸部飞行肌、脂肪体和卵巢卵泡。与其他系统相反，Wolbachia没有抑制WNV在这种蚊子。相反，与对照组相比，Wolbachia感染蚊子的WNV感染率显着较高。选择的先天性免疫基因的定量PCR表明，在Wolbachia感染相对于对照蚊子的下调，RIP1（抗病毒Toll免疫途径的激活剂）。这是第一次观察到沃尔巴克氏体诱导增强蚊子中的人类病原体，这表明在释放沃尔巴克氏体感染的昆虫作为媒介传播疾病控制计划的一部分之前应谨慎行事。目前控制蚊子及其传播的病原体的方法是无效的，部分原因是杀虫剂和药物耐药性。一种新的控制方法涉及利用昆虫中天然存在的沃尔巴克氏体细菌。沃尔巴克氏体是细菌共生体，由于其抑制感染人类的病原体的能力，它们是用于蚊媒疾病控制的有吸引力的候选者。此外，沃尔巴克氏体影响昆虫繁殖，以促进其自身传播给后代，这已被利用来在自然未感染的田间种群中建立细菌。大多数沃尔巴克氏体病原体控制研究都集中在伊蚊和按蚊上，但库蚊也传播影响人类健康的病原体。我们评估了Wolbachia感染对西尼罗河病毒（WNV）的影响，在自然未受感染的蚊子跗库蚊。Wolbachia能够有效地建立Cx感染。但与其他研究相反，Wolbachia增强而不是抑制WNV感染。增强与蚊子抗病毒免疫基因表达的抑制一起发生。这项研究表明，沃尔巴克氏体控制策略，通过病原体干扰破坏西尼罗河病毒可能是不可行的Cx。在释放受沃尔巴克氏体感染的蚊子以控制人类病媒传播的疾病时，应谨慎行事。
Novel strategies are required to control mosquitoes and the pathogens they transmit. One attractive approach involves maternally inherited endosymbiotic Wolbachia bacteria. After artificial infection with Wolbachia, many mosquitoes become refractory to infection and transmission of diverse pathogens. We evaluated the effects of Wolbachia (wAlbB strain) on infection, dissemination and transmission of West Nile virus (WNV) in the naturally uninfected mosquito Culex tarsalis, which is an important WNV vector in North America. After inoculation into adult female mosquitoes, Wolbachia reached high titers and disseminated widely to numerous tissues including the head, thoracic flight muscles, fat body and ovarian follicles. Contrary to other systems, Wolbachia did not inhibit WNV in this mosquito. Rather, WNV infection rate was significantly higher in Wolbachia-infected mosquitoes compared to controls. Quantitative PCR of selected innate immune genes indicated that REL1 (the activator of the antiviral Toll immune pathway) was down regulated in Wolbachia-infected relative to control mosquitoes. This is the first observation of Wolbachia-induced enhancement of a human pathogen in mosquitoes, suggesting that caution should be applied before releasing Wolbachia-infected insects as part of a vector-borne disease control program. Current methods to control mosquitoes and the pathogens they transmit are ineffective, partly due to insecticide and drug resistance. One novel control method involves exploiting naturally occurring Wolbachia bacteria in insects. Wolbachia are bacterial symbionts that are attractive candidates for mosquito-borne disease control due to their ability to inhibit pathogens infecting humans. Additionally, Wolbachia affects insect reproduction to facilitate its own transmission to offspring, which has been exploited to establish the bacterium in naturally uninfected field populations. Most Wolbachia pathogen control research has focused on Aedes and Anopheles mosquitoes, but Culex mosquitoes also transmit pathogens that affect human health. We evaluated impacts of Wolbachia infection on West Nile virus (WNV) in the naturally uninfected mosquito Culex tarsalis. Wolbachia was able to efficiently establish infection in Cx. tarsalis but contrary to other studies, Wolbachia enhanced rather than inhibited WNV infection. Enhancement occurred in conjunction with suppression of mosquito anti-viral immune gene expression. This study indicates that Wolbachia control strategies to disrupt WNV via pathogen interference may not be feasible in Cx. tarsalis, and that caution should be used when releasing Wolbachia infected mosquitoes to control human vector-borne diseases.
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影响因子：
3.2
作者：
Dodson, Brittany L.;Kramer, Laura D.;Rasgon, Jason L.
通讯作者：
Rasgon, Jason L.
影响因子：
3.8
作者：
Frentiu FD;Zakir T;Walker T;Popovici J;Pyke AT;van den Hurk A;McGraw EA;O'Neill SL
通讯作者：
O'Neill SL
影响因子：
9.2
作者：
Heath, BD;Butcher, RDJ;Hubbard, SF
通讯作者：
Hubbard, SF
Wolbachia可以增强蚊子中的疟原虫感染：对疟疾的影响？
影响因子：
6.7
作者：
Hughes GL;Rivero A;Rasgon JL
通讯作者：
Rasgon JL
影响因子：
6.7
作者：
Kambris Z;Blagborough AM;Pinto SB;Blagrove MS;Godfray HC;Sinden RE;Sinkins SP
通讯作者：
Sinkins SP