The relationship between the body and air temperature in a terrestrial ectotherm

The relationship between the body and air temperature in a terrestrial ectotherm
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陆地变温带中身体与气温的关系

DOI:
10.1002/ece3.11019
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发表时间:
2024
影响因子:
2.6
通讯作者:
Gardner A
Gardner A
中科院分区:
生物学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Gardner A

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外温动物构成了陆地生物多样性的大部分,因此了解它们对气候变化的潜在反应非常重要。通常,旨在实现这种理解的模型将物种分布与环境空气温度相关联。然而,这假设了空气温度和体温之间的恒定关系,这决定了外温动物的热性能。为了验证这一假设,我们开发并验证了一种方法,使用热交换方程追溯估计外温体温度。我们应用该模型来预测1985-2019年西班牙北方野生蟋蟀(蟋蟀)的体温,并将这些值与气温进行比较。我们表明,虽然空气温度影响外温动物的体温,但它只捕获了其热体验的一小部分。太阳辐射可以使体温比空气温度高出20°C以上,对生理和行为产生影响。太阳辐射对体温的影响尤其重要,因为气候变化会改变云层覆盖。我们的研究表明,气候变化对物种的影响不能被认为只与气温变化成正比。未来物种分布的更可靠的模型需要环境条件和物种的热生理生态之间的机械联系。
Ectotherms make up the majority of terrestrial biodiversity, so it is important to understand their potential responses to climate change. Often, models aiming to achieve this understanding correlate species distributions with ambient air temperature. However, this assumes a constant relationship between the air temperature and body temperature, which determines an ectotherm's thermal performance. To test this assumption, we develop and validate a method for retrospective estimation of ectotherm body temperature using heat exchange equations. We apply the model to predict the body temperature of wild field crickets (Gryllus campestris) in Northern Spain for 1985–2019 and compare these values to air temperature. We show that while air temperature impacts ectotherm body temperature, it captures only a fraction of its thermal experience. Solar radiation can increase the body temperature by more than 20°C above air temperature with implications for physiology and behaviour. The effect of solar radiation on body temperature is particularly important given that climate change will alter cloud cover. Our study shows that the impacts of climate change on species cannot be assumed to be proportional only to changing air temperature. More reliable models of future species distributions require mechanistic links between environmental conditions and thermal ecophysiologies of species.
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