Recoiling from Threat: Anxiety is Related to Heightened Suppression of Threat, Not Increased Attention to Threat.
Recoiling from Threat: Anxiety is Related to Heightened Suppression of Threat, Not Increased Attention to Threat.
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DOI：
10.1177/2167702620961074
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发表时间：
2021-05-01
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Hajcak G
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Kappenman ES;Geddert R;Farrens JL;McDonald JJ;Hajcak G
对威胁的关注增加被认为是焦虑的核心特征。然而，存在着多种注意机制和多种类型的威胁，并且注意、威胁和焦虑之间的关系尚不清楚。本研究利用事件相关电位（ERPs）分别隔离图片威胁（武器、蛇等照片）和条件威胁（彩色形状与电击配对）的注意选择（N2pc）和抑制（PD）。在48名年轻人的样本中，两种威胁类型最初都被选择为增加注意力（N2pc），但只有条件威胁引起随后的抑制（PD）和反应时间（RT）偏差。特质焦虑水平与N2pc振幅无关，但焦虑增加与更大的pd（即更大的抑制）和对条件威胁的RT偏倚减少有关。这些结果表明，焦虑个体并没有更多地关注威胁，而是通过更多的注意力抑制来克服威胁。
Increased attention to threat is considered a core feature of anxiety. However, there are multiple mechanisms of attention and multiple types of threat, and the relationships among attention, threat, and anxiety are poorly understood. The present study used event-related potentials (ERPs) to separately isolate attentional selection (N2pc) and suppression (PD) of pictorial threats (photos of weapons, snakes, etc.) and conditioned threats (colored shapes paired with electric shock). In a sample of 48 young adults, both threat types were initially selected for increased attention (an N2pc), but only conditioned threats elicited subsequent suppression (a PD) and a reaction time (RT) bias. Levels of trait anxiety were unrelated to N2pc amplitude, but increased anxiety was associated with larger PDs (i.e., greater suppression) and reduced RT bias to conditioned threats. These results suggest that anxious individuals do not pay more attention to threats, but rather engage more attentional suppression to overcome threats.
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