Implications of testicular ACE2 and the renin-angiotensin system for SARS-CoV-2 on testis function.
Implications of testicular ACE2 and the renin-angiotensin system for SARS-CoV-2 on testis function.
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DOI：
10.1038/s41585-021-00542-5
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发表时间：
2022-03
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Easley CA 4th
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Edenfield RC;Easley CA 4th
尽管许多研究都集中在肺部的SARS-CoV-2感染上，但对该病毒对男性生育能力的潜在影响知之甚少。SARS-CoV-2感染靶细胞需要存在Furin、血管紧张素转换酶2(ACE2)受体和跨膜蛋白酶丝氨酸2(TMPRSS2)。因此，体内表达这些蛋白质的细胞可能非常容易受到病毒入侵和下游影响。目前，有关病毒进入蛋白在睾丸中表达的报道相互矛盾；然而，SARS冠状病毒家族的其他成员，如SARS冠状病毒，被怀疑会导致睾丸功能障碍和/或睾丸炎。SARS-CoV-2与SARS-CoV有许多相似之处，可能会造成类似的不良反应。SARS家族成员之间的共性，结合少数关于SARS-CoV-2患者睾丸不适和激素水平变化的报告，可能表明可能存在睾丸功能障碍。因此，SARS-CoV-2感染对睾丸体细胞和生殖细胞具有潜在的影响，可能需要实验方法来帮助确定SARS-CoV-2对男性生育能力的潜在短期和长期影响。在患者和动物模型中的早期研究表明，SARS-CoV-2可以进入生殖系统，并可能对生育能力产生影响。在这一视角下，Edenfield和Easley提出了SARS-CoV-2感染生殖细胞的机制的证据，并考虑了患有新冠肺炎的患者出现睾丸功能障碍的可能性。
Although many studies have focused on SARS-CoV-2 infection in the lungs, comparatively little is known about the potential effects of the virus on male fertility. SARS-CoV-2 infection of target cells requires the presence of furin, angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) receptors, and transmembrane protease serine 2 (TMPRSS2). Thus, cells in the body that express these proteins might be highly susceptible to viral entry and downstream effects. Currently, reports regarding the expression of the viral entry proteins in the testes are conflicting; however, other members of the SARS-CoV family of viruses — such as SARS-CoV — have been suspected to cause testicular dysfunction and/or orchitis. SARS-CoV-2, which displays many similarities to SARS-CoV, could potentially cause similar adverse effects. Commonalities between SARS family members, taken in combination with sparse reports of testicular discomfort and altered hormone levels in patients with SARS-CoV-2, might indicate possible testicular dysfunction. Thus, SARS-CoV-2 infection has the potential for effects on testis somatic and germline cells and experimental approaches might be required to help identify potential short-term and long-term effects of SARS-CoV-2 on male fertility. Early studies in patients and animal models have suggested that SARS-CoV-2 can access the reproductive system and could have effects on fertility. In this Perspective, Edenfield and Easley present the evidence for mechanisms of infection of reproductive cells by SARS-CoV-2 and consider the potential for testicular dysfunction in patients who have had COVID-19.
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发表时间：
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期刊：
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